ABSTRACT Introduction Globally, abortion mortality accounts for at least 13% of all maternal mortality. Maternal mortality is 600,000 deaths per year due to pregnancy-related causes, and 99% of these deaths are in developing countries (WHO 2008). Abortions occur at a rate of 54 per 1,000 women aged 15–49 and account for one in five pregnancies. (Prada, E et al 2005). Methods It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in Kampala international university teaching hospital and I...
ABSTRACT Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (formerly known as non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes mellitus) is a condition that results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus requires compliance to dietary regimen, lifestyle changes and drugs. The purpose of this study was to determine compliance to dietary recommendations among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending selected hospitals in Nakuru County. Data was collected in 4 hospitals...
ABSTRACT Continuing Professional Development (CPD) training has received global recognition as a tool for improving knowledge and performance of health workers after their basic training, and consequently improving health service delivery. In Kenya, Middle Level Health Training Institutions (MLHTIs) produce the bulk (over 80%) of health workers at CPD training level. However, information on whether monitoring and evaluation (M&E) mechanisms for CPD training activities are available and utiliz...
ABSTRACT It is estimated that in 2008, 358,000 maternal deaths occurred in the world. It is also estimated that in Kenya, 7,700 women die annually due to pregnancy related complications. This translates to approximately 21 women each day or approximately one Kenyan woman every hour. Out of every 10 women, 9 of them receive skilled ante-natal care but only 4 receive skilled birth attendance. The objective of the study was to assess the determinants of birth preparedness among women attending m...
ABSTRACT Preterm birth interventions (PTBI) are basic and specialized care packages designed to improve Preterm birth outcome (PTBO) hence increase the survival rates of babies born preterm. Without PTBI, the survivors of PTB are at risk of facing lifelong disability and poor quality of life affecting the individual and family leading to productivity loss and socio-economic constraints. Globally PTB leads in causing neonatal and child mortality rate (CM R )). Accounts for one million deaths y...
ABSTRACT Malaria is a major public health problem worldwide with increasing cases and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Sickle cell disease conditions relate geographically with malaria endemic areas. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) moderates the clinical severity of sickle cell disease (SCD) and also provides protection against malaria. Consequently, it provides survival advantage but the data is limited. Designing a study linking HbF with protection against malaria infection has been a challenge due to...
ABSTRACT Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal mortality worldwide. The prevalence of PTB in Africa (about 12%) is more than twice that in developed countries (about 5%). In Kenya, the prevalence is about 17% which is way more than the average in Africa, pointing to the need for targeted interventions to reduce its burden. Sub County Medical Officer of Health (SCMOH) of Moyale Sub-County, reported an increasing trend in Preterm Birth (PTB) in the region from 40% in 2012 to 60% in 2...
ABSTRACT Levels and trends in contraceptive use in Kenya underscore the need to examine the dynamics of contraceptive use in the country. The contraceptive prevalence rate has been on the increase from 7% in 1978 to 58% in 2014. Similarly, implant contraceptive prevalence rate has increased from 0% in 1993 to 9.9% in 2014. As the CPR increases, current and potential users of family planning are increasingly drawn from women with a past history of contraceptive use. This implies that a further...
ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a persistent metabolic disorder, characterized by high levels of blood glucose due to defects in secretion of insulin, action or both. Globally, due to lifestyle changes, type 2 diabetes is widespread causing a serious health concern and more so in developing countries. The disorder threatens to reach pandemic levels if actions are not taken. The situation is critical in Kenya, since diabetes prevalence (3.3%) is on the rise which threatens the health of general ...
ABSTRACT Post Natal Care (PNC) has been demonstrated to reduce both the maternal and infants‟ morbidities and mortalities; however, the uptake has been low. It is just about 51% of women in Kenya, who receive these services from a skilled health care worker. There has been little investigation of factors associated with the use of these services. The objective of the study was to determine factors that influence utilization of PNC services. Specifically, the study focused on the socio-demog...
ABSTRACT The subject of adolescent sexual and reproductive health has acquired prominence more than ever before in recent years, dominating local and international forums deliberating on adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Most of the discussions, targeted interventions and researches undertaken on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) have looked at the issue from infrastructural and resource capital allocation culminating into school-based reproductive health programs. Pas...
ABSTRACT The recovery of items from waste for reuse and recycling of waste represents an important strategy for waste minimization. The objectives of this study was to determine the type and amount of inorganic solid waste recycled, stages involved in collection, separation, reuse and recycling of ISW, institutional arrangement and policies in place for ISW reuse and recycling and opportunities and challenges encountered in ISW reuse and recycling. Sampling methods used to select the study u...
ABSTRACT Under nutrition is the underlying cause of more than half of all deaths in children aged less than five years worldwide. There are 143 million children under five who are underweight in the developing world. In Kenya, severe acute malnutrition is responsible for 82,000 deaths annually with a significant percentage being from urban slums. The purpose of this study was to assess nutritional status children aged 6-59 months in Mathare valley, a low income settlement in Nairobi. A cross-...
ABSTRACT Information on impacts of subdivision of ranches on land cover is important as it forms vital baseline among others for the detection of impacts of degradation of rangeland and economic resources in the area. This study was conducted between May and November, 2012. The broad objective for the study was to assess the impacts of subdivision of ranches and subsequent land use change on land cover and rangeland resources in the study area. The research employed various data collection m...
ABSTRACT Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes one of the most serious viral diseases of poultry. The virus is a member of the new Avularvirus genus in the family Paramyxoviridae. NDV has a negative stranded RNA genome which is approximately 15 Kb. NDV has a worldwide distribution, affects chicken, non-chicken poultry and wild birds. Mortality and morbidity of Newcastle disease (ND) in chicken may reach 100% in non immune birds. In Kenya, 70% of the thirty million poultry are indigenous chick...