Medical & Health Sciences

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Research Papers/Topics Medical & Health Sciences

Perception of Blindness and Blinding Eye Conditions in Rural Communities

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the causes and management of blindness and blinding eye conditions as perceived by rural dwellers of two Yoruba communities in Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods: Four focus group discussions were conducted among residents of Iddo and Isale Oyo, two rural Yoruba communities in Oyo State, Nigeria. Participants consisted of sighted, those who were partially or totally blind and community leaders. Tenpatent medicine sellersand 12traditional...

Severe Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia: Prevalence And Management Outcomes At Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital

ABSTRACT  Background: In low and medium -income countries like Tanzania, the severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia disease complex continues to be a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical presentations and management outcomes among all women admitted through the labour ward with obstetric conditions at Dodoma regional referral hospital during the study period.  Methods: This was an observational, anal...

Pattern Of Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections In Women Undergoing Hysterosalpingography For Infertility Evaluation In Ibadan Nigeria

ABSTRACT The roles of gonorrhea and non-gonococcal urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis in the etiology of infertility due to tubal occlusion have been established by various studies. Hysterosalphingography WSG) is done to investigate tubal patency. This study was aimed at finding the prevalence of Wptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in women being investigated for infertility in a tertiary institution. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of asymptomatic infertile women ...

SSA Research 8 PAGES (3029 WORDS) Radiology Thesis
Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer After Oophorectomy

ABSTRACT Oophorectomy is a management modality for Pre-Menopausal women with Breast Cancer (PMBC) resulting in reduced oestrogen levels and artificial menopause. Metabolic alterations occur during natural menopause while reduced levels of oestrogen (a known cardioprotective factor) may alter plasma lipids, lipoproteins and other cardiovascular risk factors. The effects of low estrogen levels, which occur in oophorectomised women are not known. This study was therefore designed to investigate ...

SSA Research 156 PAGES (36177 WORDS) Pathology Thesis
A Survey Of Preference Of Parturients In Labour

ABSTRACT Background: There is a growing concern among parturient women to have labour management modified to accommodate some of their preferences based on their previous experience of information obtainedfrom others. Objecti i ms: As service care providers, we sought to identijy women's attitude to some important aspects of childbirth, namely: the preferred place or environment of delivery; reasonsfor dislike of modem labour management; as well as attitudes (cognitive, affect and behaviour) ...

Prevalance, Intensity And Factors Associated With Urinary Schistosomiasis Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Mbogwe District Council, Geita Region

ABSTRACT Background: Urinary Schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in SubSaharan Africa including Tanzania. Treatment and prevention programs have been focused on the most vulnerable groups particularly school-going children sparing other similarly vulnerable groups like women of reproductive age. Previous evidence has shown that women of reproductive age suffer significant morbidities in endemic areas. This study sought to determine the prevalence, intensity, and factors associate...

Effect Of Nutrient-Rich Alternatives On Quality Of Compost Made From Market Wastes

ABSTRACT Globally, chemical fertilizers cause serious environmental pollution and health hazards. Studies have shown that compost, a product of biodegradable organic matter, is not popular among Nigerian farmers because of its low quality. Improving compost quality is a challenge and supplementing it with natural fortifiers may be safer than opting for chemical fertilizers. This study was therefore designed to explore the effect of nutrient-rich alternatives on quality of compost made from ma...

Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge, Behaviour and Education Needs of In-School Adolescents in Northern Nigeria

ABSTRACT Adolescence is marked by progression from the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics to sexual and reproductive maturity. Curiosity about bodily changes is heightened. However, adolescents' perceived sexuality education needs have been poorly documented. A survey of 989 adolescents from 24 North-Eastern Nigerian secondary schools yielded information on socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive health knowledge, sexual activities and sexuality education needs. Of the int...

Knowledge And Attitude Towards Consumption Of Fruits And Vegetables Among Secondary School Students In Ibadan North East Local Government Area, Oyo State

ABSTRACT The consumption of fruits and vegetables plays a significant role in human nutrition. Students are more inclined towards taking empty calorie foods with little consideration for healthy foods, especially fruits and vegetables. This has the tendency of pre-disposing them to obesity, dental caries, and other non-communicable diseases in later years. There is a dearth of information on consumption of fruits and vegetables as part of healthy eating among secondary school students. This s...

Combination of Reduced Levels of Serum Albumin and Αlpha-2-Macroglobulin Differentiates Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients from Patients on Chemotherapy

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is global disease affecting about one third of the world’s population with its attendant mortality and morbidity. Acute phase proteins have been used in monitoring the progression of infections but not in relation to PTB in this environment. The levels of total protein, albumin, α-2-macroglobulin, transferrin, and haptoglobulin were determined in 23 patients with PTB and 17- age / sex matched PTB-free controls using spectrophotometric and immunodiffus...

SSA Research 3 PAGES (1831 WORDS) Pathology Thesis
Post-traumatic stress disorder among recently diagnosed patients with HIV/AIDS in South Africa

Abstract This study examined the prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients in South Africa. One hundred and forty-nine (44 male, 105 female) recently diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients (mean duration since diagnosis/5.8 months, SD/4.1) were evaluated. Subjects were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Carver Brief COPE coping scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale. In addition, previous exp...

Effects Of Aqueous Extracts Of Onion (Allium Cepa) And Garlic (Allium Sativum) On Arsenic-Induced Toxicity In Rats

ABSTRACT Human exposure to arsenic toxicity poses a health problem. Allium cepa (AC) and Allium sativum (AS) have the potential to ameliorate the effects of arsenic toxicity and are widely used as condiments in Nigeria. A proper understanding of these possible ameliorating effects of AC and AS in reducing arsenic toxicity is important. This study was designed to assess the effects of AC and AS on arsenic-induced toxicity in rats. Seven weeks old male Wistar strain albino rats (Rattus novergic...

Factors Influencing Compliance With The National Antimalarial Treatment Guidelines By Facility based Secondary Health Care Physicians In Oyo State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT The National Antimalarial Treatment Guidelines (NATG) stipulates treatment actions for the management of malaria using Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT). Available evidence indicates that adoption of treatment guidelines are not matched with corresponding levels of comprehension and compliance. An investigation of practice gaps will generate information which will guide future policy formulation and implementation. The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing co...

SSA Research 137 PAGES (30632 WORDS) Public Health Thesis
5-fluorouracil vs. beta-irradiation in the prevention of pterygium recurrence

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with beta-irradiation in the prevention of pterygium recurrence. Materials and methods: A retrospective non-randomised review of cases of fleshy prcrygium treated with bare scleral excision and adjuvant 5-FU were compared with similar morphologically appearing prcrvgiu, marched for age and sex, treated with bare scleral excision and adjuvant berairradiariou. All surgeries were carried our ar the university college hospital an...


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