ABSTRACT Globally, about 36.7 million people are living with HIV of which 51% are women worldwide. In Africa there is still prevalence of new HIV infections with 12% occur in married couples many of whom are unaware of both partners’ sero-status. The study purpose was to establish factors contributing to increased HIV infection among Married Couples attending ART Clinic at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Bushenyi District. The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design which employed quanti...
ABSTRACT Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been well established as the primary cause of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer. More than 100 genotypes of HPV have been identified and 40 types are sexually transmitted. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and about 85% of the cases occur in developing countries. In Ghana, cervical cancer ranks as the first most frequent cancer among w...
ABSTRACT Background: Malaria and HIV represent the two most important public health problems of subSaharan Africa due to geographical overlap. Together, they are responsible for more than 4 million deaths a year. However, when HIV and malaria co-infect an individual, they drastically worsen the morbidity outcome for the person, increasing the odds of mortality than as single infections. In Ghana, there is paucity of data on the prevalence of this co-infection. This study determined the preval...
Abstract: Hospital based cross sectional study was carried out from November2018 to June 2019 in Akaki Tirunesh Beijing Hospital, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV infection among tuberculosis (TB) patients with special emphasis on pulmonary tuberculosis smear negative (PTB-), pulmonary tuberculosis smear positive (PTB+), and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) infections as well as their association with socio-demographic charac...
Abstract: Cellulases are complex hydrolytic enzymes working synergistically on the hydrolysis of cellulose to produce smaller sugar components including glucose units. These enzymes have tremendous environmental, industrial and agricultural applications including enhancement of the degradability of lignocellulosic materials. In this research fungal isolates were isolated from forest and compost soil samples and allowed to produce cellulases; and the extent to which the cellulases enhance the...
ABSTRACT This study investigated the response to Newcastle disease vaccination in previously vaccinated and unvaccinated poultry flocks experimentally infected with Newcastle disease virus. A total of 90 day old cockerel chicks procured from a local hatchery were used for the study. They were brooded under deep litter system for 3 weeks after which they were divided into 2 groups, A and B of 45 birds per group. Members of group A were subsequently vaccinated against Newcastle disease using N...
Problem statement: Bacterial infections caused by multidrug resistant organisms are a major global threat; however, there remains a knowledge gap on this situation in Ghana, especially in its northern Region. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the prevalence and resistance profile of bacterial infections. It also identified factors associated with multidrug resistance in the study area. Methodology: The study employed a quantitative approach with a retrospective analytic d...
Abstract/Overview Background: Pathological changes due to infection with Schistosoma haematobium include cytokine-mediated urinary tract inflammation. The involved cytokines may be excreted in urine and their presence in urine may therefore reflect S. haematobium-related urinary tract pathology. The present study, for the first time, reports on the relationship between selected cytokines in urine and infection with S. haematobium in children from an area highly affected by this parasite. ...
Abstract Fusarium wilt considered as one of the most important diseases of tomato in Sudan. The present investigation was undertaken under laboratory conditions to study the effect of different neem oil concentrations, and synthetic fungicide,(AmistarTop 200ml/100L Water), on growth of the fungus Fusariumoxysporumf. sp. Lycopersicithe causal agent of wilt disease on tomato. Three concentrations of neem oil (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 %) and fungicide as recommended dose were tested in addition to cont...
The ultimate concern of a historian is the possibility of gaining the knowledge of events and actions (in the course of time) which are no longer available for direct inspection. These happening have been preserved in material (as archival, written, archaeological etch.) and immaterial (oral tradition) forms. A historian is therefore charged with the task of piecing this event and actions together for an understanding of the theme to which he/she is engaged. Through the descriptive and exposi...
Abstract Lake Magadi and Little Magadi are saline, alkaline lakes lying in the southern part of Kenyan Rift Valley. Their solutes are supplied by a series of alkaline hot springs with temperatures as high as 86°C. Previous culture-dependent and independent studies have revealed diverse prokaryotic groups adapted to these conditions. However, very few studies have examined the diversity of fungi in these soda lakes. In this study, amplicons of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region on Tota...
Abstract: Background: Therapeutic efcacy studies in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria are confounded by new infections, which constitute competing risk events since they can potentially preclude/pre-empt the detection of subsequent recrudescence of persistent, sub-microscopic primary infections. Methods: Antimalarial studies typically report the risk of recrudescence derived using the Kaplan–Meier (K–M) method, which considers new infections acquired during the follow-up period...
Abstract: Intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted helminths infections are among the common leading causes of death worldwide. In developing countries intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted helminths infections are the major health problems where mostly pre-school and school age children are affected and the majority of these cases occur in sub-saharan African countries.The main objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence o f intestinal protozoan and soil transmitted ...
Abstract The purpose of this work is to evaluate the Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD) of crude Spondias mombin extracts against thirty infectious clinical and environmental organisms. The root, leaf and stem-bark of S. mombin were harvested and air-dried. The dried S. mombin was milled into powdered form using manual grinder. Powdered S. mombin (1kg) each of the different S. mombin parts was extracted with 3 L of 70% (v/v) ethanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water for 72 h at room temperature....
ABSTRACT Candida species are the most common cause of fungal infections in humans. Candida species produce infections that range from non life-threatening mucocutaneous illnesses to invasive processes that may involve virtually any organ and this broad range of infections. Candida albicans coexists with a highly diverse human bacterial microbiota. Candida tropicalis is a common pathogen in neutropenic hosts in whom it may spread through the bloodstream to peripheral organs. Candida tropicalis...