Abstract: French bean, (Phaseolus vulgaris) L. is key commodity for export in Kenya. The value of export increased from 4,466.7 Kenya Shillings in 2002 to 4,466.7 Kenya Shillings in 2006. Production of French beans is constrained by many factors including pests, lack of capital and credit facilities, fluctuation in demand, and difficult accessibility to the market, and improper grading. The major arthropod insect pests of French beans include bean stem maggots, flower thrips, pollen beetles,...
ABSTRACT Hawked foods are cheap and easily accessible and have met the food needs of people in many cities and towns of developing countries. This study was aimed at ascertaining the diversity of microbial contaminants in foods hawked in Nsukka town. Seven different food samples of cooked foods hawked in Nsukka were examined for the presence of bacterial and fungal contaminants using the streak plate method on sterile nutrient agar plates and SDA plates respectively. The foods included; pige...
ABSTRACT Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. its symptoms begin between one day and two months after contracting the infection. Anthrax is spread by contact with the spores of the bacteria, which are often from infectious animal products. Contact is by breathing, eating, or through an area of broken skin. It does not typically spread directly between people. Risk factors include people who work with animals or animal products, travelers, postal workers, ...
ABSTRACT Background: Blood borne pathogens such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus are often transmitted through needle stick and other sharp injuries in the hospital environment. In delivering service, HWs improvise and device approaches rather than use the approved preventive measures, predisposing them to blood borne infections and injuries. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to determine compliance with blood borne infection protocols among health wo...
Abstract: The susceptibility of third instar Helicoverpa armigera to seven strains of three entomopathogenic fungal species, i.e. Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus , was tested under laboratory conditions using the larval immersion method. High efficacies ranging from 68 to 100% corrected mortality were recorded with more profound effects in treatments with B. bassiana and P. fumosoroseus strains. The median lethal concentration (LC50) for L3 was 6.0 10...
A parasitological examination of 2,500 faecal samples of cattle was carried out in Plateau State, Nigeria, to determine prevalence, seasonal distribution and sources of various species of Eimeria in both sexes, age groups, breeds and husbandry systems. Effects of temperatures on sporulation of Eimeria oocysts and chemical analysis of the Eimeria oocysts were also determined. Out of 2500 samples examined, 1567 i.e 62.68% were positive for twelve species of Eimeria. E. alabamensis occurre...
ABSTRACT The deficit of domestic fish supply necessitates importation of frozen fish to supplement protein intake of Nigerians. Adequate quality standards and control measures are in place for frozen fish at the point of entry to the country. However, there is dearth of information on quality control along the distribution chain to the final consumer. Therefore, quality and handling procedures of imported frozen fish within Oyo State were investigated. Three-stage sampling procedures were us...
Abstract/Overview Data on the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in cervical carcinoma in women with HIV are scarce but are essential to elucidate the influence of immunity on the carcinogenicity of different HPV types, and the potential impact of prophylactic HPV vaccines in populations with high HIV prevalence. We conducted a multicentre case–case study in Kenya and South Africa. During 2007–2009, frozen tissue biopsies from women with cervical carcinoma were tested for ...
ABSTRACT Introduction: There is a huge burden of Health care associated infections (HAIs) globally; in 2002, there was an estimated 99,000 deaths due to HAIs in the United States and majority of these are attributed to poor compliance of health care workers including health sciences students to Infection Prevention and Control protocols (IPC). Health science students by virtue of their training are at risks of spreading or contracting HAIs due to lack of knowledge and in-experience. Method: ...
Abstract Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst. (Ganodermataceae) is a natural scarce basidiomycetous polypore fungus that has a variety of uses such as providing nutrition and as a medical remedy. It has been used in the Asian countries for many years to treat a wide range of ailments with polysaccharides, triterpenes, sterols, lectins and proteins as major active constituents. However, in Namibia, the traditional usage of the Ganoderma mushrooms have been used to relieve stress, calm nerves, heal ...
ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis infections have now spread to all parts of the world, and the rate of infection is found to be high in the cities with high number of mobile populations. One of such mobile populations is long distance truck drivers. Although studies from Asia, Europe, USA, and elsewhere have documented high prevalence of HBV, HIV and syphilis infections among truck drivers (long and short distance), such data are sparse from Af...
Abstract: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-defining cancer, even as HIV-positive people live longer. Like other herpesviruses, human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) establishes a lifelong infection of the host that in association with HIV infection may develop at any time during the illness. With the increasing global incidence of KS, there is an urgent need of designing optimal therapeutic strategies for HHV-8-related infections. Here we formulate two models with innate and adaptive immune...
ABSTRACT In Ghana, the local chicken and commercial cohorts are managed under different production systems that appear to expose local chicken usually raised under the extensive system, to higher risk of infectious diseases as compared to the exotic cohorts that are raised in confinement. The key question is, will raising these birds under identical conditions result in corresponding reduction in the prevalence of Salmonella infection in the local chicken to levels prevailing in the exotic ch...
ABSTRACT Chlamydia trachomatis infections are the most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the world. This study was to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection amongst students of Federal university Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Urine samples were collected from ninety four participants and were screened using the microwell ELISA Chlamydia trachomatis kit - Swab/Urine . (Golden Bio Technologies Corp, USA). Out of 94 patients screened, 26...
Abstracts Guava (Psidium guajava) a vitamin C enrich fruit tree is grown abundantly throughout Sudan. In fact, it is an important fruit in many parts of the world where the climate is suitable for its production. The present investigation was undertaken under laboratory conditions of Plant Protection Department, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology to study the effect of different concentration of aqueous extracts of jatropha seeds and argel leaves conce...