ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of three types of medicated soap on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wound infections was conducted. Fourteen individuals with wound infections were sampled. Swab sticks were used to collect specimens from wound infections; each swab stick was streaked separately over plates of nutrient and mannitol agar and subsequently incubated at 370c. Out of the fourteen (14) individuals sampled, 5(36%) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aerugin...
Abstract: Malaria is one of the major public health problems in many tropical developing countries including Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria parasite infection and to assess the people's knowledge and practices about the malaria transmission, prevention and control measures in Afdem District Eastern Hararghe, Eastern Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was carried out from October to December, 2014. Health records of malaria for the last five ye...
ABSTRACTThe study assessed the prevalence, intensity and environmental risk factors affecting thetransmission of soil transmitted helminthiasis in eleven randomly selected communities inNsukka and Uzouwani Local Government Areas of Enugu State, Nigeria. It also determinedthe effect of peoples’ knowledge of mode of transmission of the diseases and access tofacilities for water supply and sanitation in each of the communities. This is with a view togaining insight into the patterns of transmi...
INTRODUCTION Cholera is an acute bacterial infection of the intestine caused by ingestion of food or water containing Vibrio cholerae, serogroups O139, it is a disease characterized by profuse diarrhea accompanied with a severe dehydration and loss of electrolyte (Colwell and Huq, 1994), caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, a serologically diverse, environmental, and gram-negative rod bacterium (Li et al.,2002). In the absence of appropriate treatment, there is a high mortality rate. Cho...
Abstract Few studies of rock-lobster diet have included analyses of mature females or juveniles of either sex. This study focused on the diet of male and female West Coast rock lobsters (Jasus lalandil) in three size classes (viz.: 10 - 35 mm CL (carapace length) - small, 40 - 59 mm CL - medium and 70 - 85 mm CL - large), using visual analyses of stomach contents. The principle aims were to examine potential differences in diet between: (1) male and female rock lobsters; (2) changes in diet ...
ABSTRACT Theileriosis or East Coast Fever (ECF), a leukemia-like disease of cattle that is endemic in East, Central and Southern Africa, is caused by the protozoan parasite Theileria parva (T. parva), which is transmitted by the brown ear tick vector Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. In an infective tick bite, the sporozoite parasites preferentially infect bovine lymphocytes and develop into intra-cytoplasmic, multinucleated schizonts. Schizont-infected host cells proliferate and exhibit several ...
ABSTRACT Introduction Otitis media is a suppurative infection of the middle ear cavity due to bacterial pathogens like Streptococcus pneumonia, nontyable Haemophilus Influenzae and M. catarrhalis. There is a strong relationship between upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media, with the former predisposing children to the latter. This relationship is also reflected in the prevalence of the two conditions such that otitis media is the most common childhood disease after respiratory...
ABSTRACT Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common healthcare-associated infections affecting surgical patients. Such infections are often caused by methicillin-susceptible as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to the entire class of beta-lactam antimicrobials; which are largely used in clinical medicine. Patients infected with MRSAs therefore have limited therapeutic options, and this may ...
Abstract. Collections of human sera from malaria-endemic areas would be valuable for identifying and characterizing antigens as malaria vaccine candidates if the contributing serum donors’ ability to resist infection were fully characterized. We prepared such a serum collection from 26 apparently immune Nigerian adults who failed to develop patent parasitemia for at least 20 weeks following a documented increase in antibodies to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) from Plasmodium falciparum....
Abstract A cross-sectional survey of trypanosome infection of pigs was carried out in three randomly selected Local Government Areas (Nsukka, Udenu and Igbo Eze South) out of the six local government areas in Enugu North Senatorial Zone. Blood samples collected at random from a total of 1800 pigs from abattoirs and farms were examined for trypanosomes using standard parasitological methods: wet film, buffy coat and Giemsa-stained thin smear preparations. The sensitivity of trypanosome isolat...
ABSTRACT Mycobacterium ulcerans disease (Buruli ulcer) is increasing worldwide but there is currently no effective chemotherapeutic treatment. Prevention and control has also not been possible because the mode of transmission remains illusive and at best speculative. Recent investigation however points to the possible involvement of aquatic bugs belonging to the familily Naucoridae in the transmission process. In the laboratory, infected Naucorid species have been shown to transmit the bacter...
ABSTRACT In recent years, mortality due to leptospirosis in dogs has been of major concern in Southwestern Nigeria, but the prevalent serovars, pathology and pathogenesis have not been fully documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disease in the dog and reservoir hosts (cattle and wild rats), and its pathogenesis and pathology in a guinea pig model. Between 2003 and 2010, 44 fresh and 60 formalin-fixed kidneys of tentatively diagnosed cases of canine leptospirosis o...
ABSTRACT In recent years, mortality due to leptospirosis in dogs has been of major concern in Southwestern Nigeria, but the prevalent serovars, pathology and pathogenesis have not been fully documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disease in the dog and reservoir hosts (cattle and wild rats), and its pathogenesis and pathology in a guinea pig model. Between 2003 and 2010, 44 fresh and 60 formalin-fixed kidneys of tentatively diagnosed cases of canine leptospirosis obtain...
In this paper, rocks with existing cracks and the effects on concrete structures it supports is discussed. Based on this paper, rock cracks may occur naturally when the rock gets closer to the earth surface due to erosion, through weathering processes (particularly frost wedging in mountainous areas and the diurnal heating and cooling of a rock outer layer in hot arid environments) and through tree roots. Artificially, cracks in rock may be caused by shock waves during rock blasting. The effe...
ABSTRACT A study was conducted into the traditional method of storing maize in Ghana to determine the best form of storing maize to minimise losses in storage and to evaluate the effectiveness of using insecticides in crib storage. Two separate experiments were conducted, one with maize variety Abrotia and the other with maize variety La Posta. In each experiment, a split-plot design was used with the main plot factor being insecticide application and the subplot factor being husking. Actell...