Abstract Disposal of wastes resulting from myriads of human activities continues to be a problem especially in developing nations, where effective and efficient wastes disposal system is lacking. This paper presents the result of the study conducted to investigate the environmental benefits of using pulverized bone - obtained from bones generated as waste from abattoirs and slaughter slabs - in the production of structural foamed aerated concrete. Some of the properties investigated into are ...
Abstract Provision of affordable housing especially for low-income earners, which forms the majority of the population, continues to be elusive in the nations of world. The major reason given for this is the high cost of building and construction materials. Concrete and concrete products constitute the major building construction materials. However, cement which is the main binder in concrete production has been identified as the major contributor to increasing high cost of construction. This...
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a mathematical model developed for predicting the 28-day compressive strength of foamed aerated concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement for the purpose of quality controls. Strength-porosity relation was used as a basis for the development of the model, and the Bisection Methods of Numerical analysis was used to evaluate the inherent constants. For all the percentages of cement replacement with pulverised bone, the exp...
ABSTRACT The transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the surrounding concrete. This interfacial bond strength between steel and the surrounding concrete is an important factor influencing the strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure. This paper presents the result of investigation conducted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm and 16 mm diameter steel specimens fr...
ABSTRACT This work presents the results of investigation conducted to assess the suitability of polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) as partial replacement of cement in the production of concrete. Up to 50% by weight of cement was replaced with PWP at interval of 10%. The parameters investigated are: the chemical composition of polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) and the setting times of cement-polyvinyl paste. Also investigated in concrete containing polyvinyl powder were: workability, density, compressive...
AbstractThe results of investigation conducted to evaluate the flexural performance of foamed aerated concrete beams with bamboo splints as tensile reinforcement, but with and without shear links are reported in this paper. The properties assessed are: density, compressive strength, crack pattern, deflection, and failure and moments. Foamed aerated concrete, having a cement-sand ratio of 1:3 was prepared. For foam generation, foaming agent and water in the ratio of 1:33 was prepared. A total ...
Abstract In the design of structural elements, there is usually more than one feasible and equally safe solution, even though not all of them may be cost-effective. Obtaining the cost-effective design out of the numerous designs is tedious, cumbersome and time-consuming. This work present the result of optimization process of a structural element carried out by using the numerical features of the Excel software. In the optimizing process, cost effectiveness in terms of area reinforcement and ...
ABSTRACT The flexural performance of reinforced concrete beam specimens with polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) as partial replacement of cement is reported in this paper. Cement was replaced with PWP up to 50% by weight at intervals of 10%. The flexural parameters investigated were: the failure patterns, load-deflection characteristics, stiffness, and ultimate moments. The reinforced beam specimens used were 150 x 150 x 1000 mm, and tests were done at the curing age of 28 days. The results showed ...
ABSTRACT This work presents the results of investigation conducted to evaluate the effect of foam concentration on the structural properties of steel- reinforced foamed aerated concrete beams. The properties investigated were the density, compressive strength, shear strength, and flexural strength. Relationships between compressive strengths and densities were developed, as well as comparison between the compressive strengths and the shear strengths. The foam concentrate/water ratios adopted ...
Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study conducted to investigate the flexural behaviour of foam concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement. A total of sixty reinforced beams (150×150×750 mm) were used to investigate the flexural behaviour of the specimens. For reinforcement of the beams, hot-rolled, deformed 10-mm-diameter bars with yield and ultimate stresses of 478.10 N/mm2 and 710.81 N/mm2 respectively were used. The cement constituent of the mix wa...
Abstract The paper presents the results of investigation conducted on foamed aerated concrete – a lightweight concrete - with a view to determining its potential as a construction material in Nigeria. The properties investigated on foamed aerated concrete having a designed density of 1600kg/m3 were: workability, density, compressive strength, tensile strength, and the water absorption capacity. The results showed that at the designed density adopted for this work, the material was workable ...
Abstract: This paper presents the results of an investigation conducted to determine some structural properties of concrete made with recycled coarse aggregates but containing (PKSA) as partial replacement of cement by weight. Cement was replaced with palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) up to 50% by weight at interval of 5% to produce the concrete used in the investigation. The properties investigated were: setting times, workability, compressive strength, and tensile strength. The results showed th...
ABSTRACT Instability of a damaged pile due to a statically or dynamically applied overload is studied in this work using the finite element method. A damage parameter from such a pile is calculated using fracture mechanics concepts. The parameter is used to modify the beam element at the cracked or damaged location. Soil samples were obtained from the site of the pile and were subjected to laboratory tri-axial tests to obtain shear strength parameters c and . Other soil parameters s...
In this paper, rocks with existing cracks and the effects on concrete structures it supports is discussed. Based on this paper, rock cracks may occur naturally when the rock gets closer to the earth surface due to erosion, through weathering processes (particularly frost wedging in mountainous areas and the diurnal heating and cooling of a rock outer layer in hot arid environments) and through tree roots. Artificially, cracks in rock may be caused by shock waves during rock blasting. The effe...
This paper attempts to study the mechanicalbehaviour of coconut shell aggregate (CSA) concretesubjected to elevated temperatures when coconut shell (CS)is used to replace coarse aggregate at 0, 10, 20 and 40% inconcrete. The coconut shell used was obtained by breakingthe shells into smaller sizes of less than 20mm after thefibres were removed. In order to produce control concretesamples with a minimum compressive strength of 15N/mm2at 28 days curing age, mix ratio of 1:2:4 and water-cementrat...