Biochemistry Research Papers/Topics

A computational study of the s2 state in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

Abstract: The S2 state produces two basic electron paramagnetic resonance signal types due to the manganese cluster in oxygen-evolving complex, which are influenced by the solvents, and cryoprotectant added to the photosystem II samples. It is presumed that a single manganese center oxidation occurs on S1 → S2 state transition. The S2 state has readily visible multiline and g4.1 electron paramagnetic resonance signals and hence it has been the most studied of all the Kok cycle intermediate...

Ameliorative Potential of Bambara Nuts (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) Extract against Acute Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Stress in Wistar Rats

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the ameliorative potential of Bambara nuts extract against acute ethanol-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Bambara nuts of the Songkhla 1 variety locally sourced in Obinze area of Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria were powdered using a coffee grinder and an extract obtained from a Soxhlet apparatus with methanol as solvent. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were acclimatized for seven days and were randomly divided into four groups of six rats ...

Effect of Bambara Nut Consumption on Blood Glucose Level

Aim: This study sought to investigate the effect of Bambara nut consumption on blood glucose level and lipid profile of Wistar rats.Methodology: The Songkhla 1 variety (red seed coat) of Bambara nuts were locally sourced from   Obinze area of Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The seeds were peeled and ground to a fine powder using a coffee grinder and extracted using soxhlet apparatus and methanol as the solvent. Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were acclimatized for seven days during which the...

Qualitative Determination of Phytochemical Composition of Ethanolic Extract of Xylopia aethiopica Fruit

Aim: The aim of this study is to qualitatively determine the phytochemical compositions of ethanolic extract of Xylopia aethiopica fruit.Methodology: The fruits of Xylopia aethiopica were obtained from new market in Aba, Abia State and were identified and authenticated by Prof. (Mrs) Margaret Bassey of the Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo with the voucher number UU/PH/4e. The plant was deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medi...

Evaluation Of The Therapeutic Effects Of Aloe Vera Gel On Alloxan Induced Diabetic Animal Models

ABSTRACT Aloe vera gel (AVG) extract is commonly used as a home remedy for some diseases, including diabetes mellitus. This study investigates the effects of pure Aloe vera (Aloe babardensis) gel on some biochemical, haematological and histological parameters in diabetic rats. The animals were divided into six groups of six rats each (n=6). Diabetes mellitus was experimentally induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of alloxan monohydrate (170 mg/kg BW.) following ...

Nitrate-Nitrite, Vitamin C And In-Vitro Methemoglobin Formation From Some Vegetables

ABSTRACT The content of nitrate, nitrite and Vitamin C in eleven samples of fresh vegetables were determined. The levels of nitrate were beyond here on recommended in six of the vegetables, namely: Celosia sp. Lactuca, sativa , Amaranthus hybridus, Brassica oleracea variety acephala, Talinum sp, Spinacia oleracea. Minute quantifies of nitrite were detected in Celosia sp and Daucus carota. With accompanying high concentration of Vitamin C (a reducing agent) present in Celosia sp. this vegetabl...

Influence of Chloramphenicol and Amoxicillin on Rat Liver Microsomal Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation

ABSTRACT Generation of reactive oxygen species beyond the antioxidant capacity of biological system has been reported to give rise to oxidative stress which through a series of events deregulates cellular functions, leading to oxidative damage and various pathological conditions. This study examined the effect of chloramphenicol and amoxicillin on liver microsomal enzymes Ca2+ - ATPase and Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-P) and lipid peroxidation in rats. Male Wistar strain rats weighing 120 – ...

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activity on Citrullus Lanatus Seeds

Citrullus lanatus (water melon) is a commonly consumed fruit worldwide. The seeds are often thrown away without considering its potential nutritional and medicinal benefits. In this study, a methanol extract of citrullus lanatus seeds was analyzed for the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites and to determine its ability to scavenge 2, 2‐ diphenyl ‐1‐ picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical, superoxide anion radical (O2.‐), and nitric oxide radical (NO.). Quantitative phytochemical a...

Purification and characterization of rhodanese from sprouted maize

Rhodanese, a cyanide detoxifying enzyme, was isolated and partially purified from malted maize (Zea  mays) using 85% ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography on CM- Sephadex C-25. The specific activity of the enzyme obtained was 5.07RU/mg protein with a yield of  9.6% and purification fold of 2.13. The Michaelis constant (Km) values of the substrates sodium  thiolsulphate (Na2S2O3) and potassium cyanide (KCN) were 80 mM and 300mM while their Vmax were  4.86 RU/ml/mi...

EFFECT OF ISONIAZID ON THE METABOLISM OF PARACETAMOL IN RATS

ABSTRACT The metabolism of Paracetamol has been studied in Isoniazid pretreated albino rats and compared with control. During this study, thirty-five (35) laboratory albino rats were used divided into five (5) groups of seven (7) rats each. Group I served as control and the rats were only administered with 120mg/5ml/kg body weight dose of Paracetamol interperitoneally. However, Groups II-V served as test groups and the members were pretreated with 10mg/kg body weight dose of Isoniazid interpe...

Technical Report on Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme

Students industrial work experience scheme SIWES is a skill learning programme designed to expose and prepare students of engineering, technology, environmental sciences, medical sciences, pure and applied sciences for the industrial work situation which they are likely to meet after graduation. Duration for SIWES is a six months programme for universities, four months for polytechnics end of ND 1, four months for colleges of Education end of NCE II.  The students industrial work experience ...

REVIEW: BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC DRUG RESISTANCE

The class of β-lactam antibiotics has  antibiotic agents that possess β-lactam ring as part of their molecular structure, these agents includes cephalosporins, monobactams, penicillins   and carbapenems. these are the most widely used antibiotics which act by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall such activity leads to the lysis and death of the bacteria. due to the wide applications of these antibiotics bacteria have developed resistance mechanism against these antibiotics...

Goitrogenic content of some selected nigerian leafy vegetables

The goitrogenic potential of a plant or food depends upon the amount of active goitrogen present in it. Various procedures like soaking, washing, boiling and cooking can help in reducing the goitrogenic potency of these foods. These, along with the intake of iodide supplements are generally practiced in areas where goitrogenic foods are routinely consumed. In this experiment, goitrogenic contents of some commonly consumed vegetables were assayed and analysed. 

Protein Disulfide Isomerase

The folding protein (and protein folder) is beset with a number of problems in translating the simple instructions encoded by DNA into the complex, three-dimensional structure of a correctly folded protein. Nature has solved these problems in an adequate, if not elegant, fashion, but we are just beginning to understand the variety of strategies that cells use to ensure efficient protein folding. This minireview will focus on several of the more general principles of assisted folding using the...

Ethanolic extract of Jatropha gossypifolia exacerbates Potassium Bromate-induced clastogenicity, hepatotoxicity, and lipid peroxidation in rats

Extracts  of  J.  gossypifolia  L.  have  been  reported  to  have  several  medicinal  values,  including potential  anti-cancer  and  anti-inflammatory  properties.  In  this  study,  we  investigated  the  anti-clastogenic and  hepatoprotective,  effects  of  the  ethanolic  leaf  extract  of  J.  gossypifolia  L.  in  potassium  bromate (KBrO3)-induced  toxicity  in  rats.  The  general  trend  of  the  results  indicates  significant  increases  (p 


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