Abstract: The rumen is a special digestive vessel of ruminants, where digestion of cellulose and other plant polysaccharides occurs through microbial activities. On average, cellulose accounts for 50% of the dry weight of plant biomass. Cellulose and agricultural wastes were used as sole carbon sources for the production of cellulase by bacteria. This study focused on isolating and screening cellulase-producing rumen bacteria. The isolated rumen bacteria were identified using morphological a...
Tomato leaf, shoot height and stem diameter reduced under salinity stress caused by photosynthesis reduction, tissues expansion reduction and cell divided inhibition. Salinity also reduces leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal resistance and photosynthetic activities
Abstract: The present study was aimed at analyzing the chemical composition of the crude extract of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) cladode and examine its suitability for fungal culture media. For this purpose cactus pear cladode samples were collected from Haramaya University campus Model School area. The chemical composition analysis was done according to standard procedures. The growth of five fungal species (R. stoloinfer ATCC 1052, P. digitatum ATCC 2560, A. niger ATCC 1232, T. a...
Abstract: Garden cress is a fast growing annual herb that is native to Ethiopia. Its seeds are rich source of proteins, dietary fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, other essential nutrients and phytochemicals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and biological activities of the oils from garden cress seeds and leaves using solvent extraction methods. The oil extraction was done in Soxhelt apparatus using petroleum ether as a solvent. The physicochemic...
Abstract: Traditional medicinal plants have several uses in different parts of the world. In Ethiopia, it remains the main source of treatment for the majority of the population and its livestock. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of crude extracts of Solanum incanum, Vernonia amygdalina, Datura stramonium L., and Croton macrostachyus against four bacterial pathogenic species (i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Salmonella Typhi...
Abstract: In search of green technology, enzyme production has received much attention in industrial biotechnology processes with the objective of the substitution of chemical processes, with potentially adverse effects on humans and environment. Protease enzyme has been utilized widely in industries to engender a wide range of products such as, detergent, leather, waste management, brewing, meat softening, milk-clotting, food, pharmaceutical, cancer treatment, diagnostics, digestion, viral ...
Abstract: This study set out to assess the determinants of milk market supply and channel choices in the study area of Sodo Zuria district of SNNPR, Ethiopia. The study employed two-stage sampling technique to draw 120 sample respondents. Simple descriptive statistical analysis such as mean, standard deviation, percentage, and multiple linear regression and multivariate probit were used to analyze the data. Based on descriptive statics the major channels identified in the study area were sma...
Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to propose and analyze a nonlinear mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of cervical cancer due to human papillomavirus with vaccination. The aim of this study is to investigate the dynamics of cervical cancer and analyze a deterministic mathematical model for the spread of cervical cancer due to HPV dynamics with vaccination. To conduct the study, a deterministic mathematical model system of ordinary differential equation and numerical...
Abstract: Ticks of the genus Rhipicephalus are important parasites of livestock in the world. Rhipicephalus ticks cause huge economic losses to cattle and have a great capacity to develop resistance to chemical acaricides. There is the need therefore to develop alternative strategies that could complement the existing control methods of this ectoparasite. Entomopathogenic fungi are being considered as a promising option for the control of ticks on-host and off-host. The aim of this study was...
Abstract: This thesis reports studies on three aspects of Glossina biology:- a) Studies on the peridomestic behaviour of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the sleeping sickness epidemic focus of Busoga, Uganda. b) Application of analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons in the chemotaxonomy of Glossina and c) Studies on the ovulation and late mating of virgin Glossina. A search near homesteads, made over a period of 20 months, revealed tsetse puparia and puparial shells under Coffea canephora (coffee),...
Abstract: A study was conducted on the activity response of unfed adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus to some o the environmental changes during the three main seasons here in East Africa. Ticks of two different ages were subjected to various treatments in the laboratory to vary their physiological (hydration) states and thereafter exposed in the field. Observations there made on the activity responses in relation to changes in temperature and relative humidity within the micro-habitat at...
ABSTRACT The study revealed into the relationship between personal hygiene and the occurrence of diseases primary school children in Makindye municipality where the following aspects were investigated: (1). personal hygiene practices among primary school children, (2). occurrence of disease among primary school, (3). relationship between hygiene practices and occurrence of diseases, (4). difference between personal hygiene practices and occurrence of diseases between private and public primar...
ABSTRACT The analysis of cellophane sheet as a phase retarder is reported. Several cellophane sheets were tested for birefringence and compared with a purpose built half wave plate (HWP). A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to generate interference patterns when the cellophane sheet was half-way mounted on one arm of the interferometer. Analysis of the interferograms revealed a clear phase shift which was calculated to be 0.98π. The fast axis was determined to be along the length of the c...
ABSTRACT The cosmic limitation of high humid environment in tropic regions spurs a lot of interest to the development of low cost desiccants. Calcium chloride has been indicated as the oldest adsorbent desiccant among chemicals and gas dehydration industries. However, calcium chloride dissolution behaviour makes it difficult to be utilized well as desiccant. The first attempt to suppress deliquescence behavior for dehumidification purpose was in 1976 where silt loam was used as the host mater...
ABSTRACT The rapidly increasing global population, climate change and dwindling resources have made it very difficult to meet global food demand. To address the issue of food insecurity, sustainable intensification of agriculture (SIA) has been proposed. However, the consequences of poorly managed agricultural intensification can negatively affect the ecosystem. Biochar and compost application has been widely recommended as a highly promising soil fertility replenishment option to promote sus...