Research Papers/Topics in Environmental Chemistry

Calibration of the SPEARpesticides bioindicator for cost-efective pesticide monitoring in East African streams

Abstract: Background: Pesticides are washed from agricultural felds into adjacent streams, where even short-term exposure causes long-term ecological damage. Detecting pesticide pollution in streams thus requires the expensive monitor ing of peak concentrations during run-of events. Alternatively, exposure and ecological efects can be assessed using the SPEARpesticides bioindicator that quantifes pesticide-related changes in the macroinvertebrate community compo sition. PEARpesticides has be...

Biodiesel Production From Candlenut And Calodendrum Capense Seeds: Process Design And Technological Assessment

Abstract: This project was based on biodiesel production from candlenut and calodendrum capense seeds using conventional and biotechnological technique and determination of the oil yields and biodiesel quality. The driving force for large-scale use of biodiesel has been the need to reduce the harmful emissions that result from the burning of petroleum oil as well as our dependence on diminishing reserves of petroleum oil. The aim of the study was to extract oil from Candlenut tree and Calode...

REMEDIATION OF SOIL POLLUTION

Remediation is the process of addressing and resolving problems or issues to make a situation better. In essence, remediation is about taking steps to rectify or improve a situation by addressing its root causes or issues. It's a proactive process that aims to make things right or better than they were before a problem or challenge arose Soil remediation is the process of cleaning, restoring, or improving the quality of soil that has been contaminated or degraded by various pollutants. This ...

Ambient Air Quality and Noise Assessment in Eleme Communities, Rivers State, Nigeria

Problems caused by ambient air pollution on human and the environment can be averted by steadily and strictly monitoring of the concentrations of outdoor pollutants. Human activities have triggered changes in the earths atmosphere. In this research, 7(Seven) selected Eleme communities, 4(four) zones in each community and 28(Twenty eight) sampling points in all locations were assessed for the concentrations of CO, SO2 , NO2 , NO, CO2 , SPM, O2 , noise level and as well Meteorological param...

Source identification, pollution status, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in a highly populated unplanned industrial area (Wadi El-Qamar), Alexandria, Egypt

Based on the contents of heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in 22 road dust samples, the urban environmental quality of Wadi El-Qamar area was evaluated. It is a residential area suffering from unplanned industrial activities, overpopulation, and uncontrolled urbanization. Heavy metal sources and geochemical associations were deciphered using a multivariate statistical approach, while the contamination degree and ecological risks were identified using various pollution indices....

Optical Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Lignocellulose Modified TiO2

This paper reports the photo-catalytic activity and stability of Lignocellulose/TiO2nanoparticles (NPs) was evaluated through using the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) as a testing model reaction under visible light irradiation (λmax> 420nm). The modified (NPs) (pH = 6.94 - 6.97) photocatalyst material was dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80°C and calcinated at 400°C for 2 hours through constant air flow. The degradation of MB was performed using 250 Watt xenon lamp within...

Adsorption and Kinetic Optimization Study of Acetic Acid from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbon Developed from Vernonia amygdalina Wood

In this study, the adsorption of Acetic acid from an aqueous solution is investigated using activated charcoal prepared from Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) that is activated by tap water. Carbonizations at different activation temperature with constant flow of air are used to examine for accepted accessibility of sorbent material. The optimum  conditions obtained from this batch adsorption experiments highest adsorption capacity is recorded at activation temperature=400°C, contact ti...

Carbothermal Reduction Synthesis of Eggshell-Biochar Modified with Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron/Activated Carbon for Remediation of Soil Polluted with Lead and Cadmium

Pollution of soil with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) has been gaining researchers’ attention because of their adverse health effects on the safety of the food chain and environmental health. Hence, their immobilization in the soil is of great interest to environmental scientists globally. In this study, eggshell-biochar modified with nanoscale zerovalent iron/activated carbon (ESB-nZVI/AC) were synthesized via carbothermal reduction synthesis and compared their immobilization efficiency at...

Health and Environmental Effects of Burning Plastic

Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organics that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects of diverse shapes. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural (LPP, 2011). Plasticity is the general property of all materials that are able to irreversibly deform without breaking,...

Copper and Iron Distribution in Soil Profiles and Some Selected Vegetables of Saje and Sango Dump Sites

The current study was designed for determination of copper and iron and some physicochemical properties of soils collected from two selected dumpsites (Saje and Sango) in Ogun State, Nigeria by digging two depths of about 125cm. Samples were taken at different depth intervals of 25cm (i.e 0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100 and 100-125cm). The soil were analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as Organic carbon, Organic matter, Soil pH, Electrical conductivity, Particle size, Cation Exhangeable Ca...

Adsorption Kinetics of Toxic Metals from Brewery Waste Water Using Adsorbent Prepared from Borassus aethiopum

A comparative study was carried out on the remediation of brewery effluent (Beff) using derived adsorbent (Untreated and treated) and commercial activated carbon. Preliminary study and characterization of the brewery effluent, derived adsorbent and commercial activated carbon was recorded, with result showing physico-chemical properties of the effluent falls within, lower and higher than discharge limit outlined by NESREA and WHO. Result of the physico-chemical and instrumental character...

Bioelectricity Production from Abattoir Wastewater Using Microbial Fuel Cells Connected in Series

In a bid to further study the possibility of producing bioelectricity from microbial fuel cell (MFC), this study aims at increasing the production of bioelectricity in abattoir wastewater. The wastewater from abattoir was used to construct three different microbial fuel cells and they were connected in series. The voltage of electricity produced was recorded over the period of three days. The physiochemical property of the wastewater was determined. Also the microorganisms present in t...

BIOELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM WASTEWATERS USING MICROBIAL FUEL CELL

Electricity supply in Nigeria has been a recurring decimal as huge amount of capital is involved. The aim of the study is to produce bioelectricity in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) from wastewaters. Wastewater from abattoir, fish pond, and stream were used to construct a microbial fuel cell and their physiochemical and microbiological properties were determined and the voltage of electricity produced was measured. Wastewaters were separately inoculated using pour plate to determine bacterial...

Assessment of Levels of Heavy Metals in Water and Colloid Samples from River Oyun

Heavy metals have been a defining parameter concerning water quality. They have constituted a major degree in pollutants levels in the environment. The study was designed to investigate the comparative levels of heavy metals in colloidal and water samples in relation to the activities on the River Oyun and the activities around the sampling location. The samples were analyzed for six metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The results obtained showed that the concentrations of ...

Assessment of Level of Heavy Metal in Soil and Their Environmental Effects from Three Mechanic Villages in Abuja

ABSTRACT This research work is aimed at assessment of levels of heavy metals in soils and their environmental effects from three Mechanic Villages in Abuja namely; Apo, Kugbo and Zuba. To achieve the set target, soil samples were collected from five sampling points in each of the mechanic villages to a depth range of 0 - 15 cm with a stainless hand-dug auger. A control sample was also taken from a point of approximately 100 km where neither industrial nor commercial activities take place. Re...


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