Research Papers/Topics in Geology

Thin Section Preparation and its Application to Different Rock Types

In thin section preparation, we normally prepare a rock sample of any type and polished it to reach a level of 0.03mm on a polished glass slide to get a thin slice. There are alot of processes that leads to producing a thin slice of a rock sample you will uncover those steps in this article and how they apply to the study of rocks because physical identification of rocks doesn't reveal the birefringence, cleavage, pleochroism, relief, interference color etc. Of a rock sample

TEXTURAL ANALYSIS AS INDICATOR OF PALEO-ENVIRONMENT OF THE SANDSTONE IN ADU-ACHI AND ENVIRONS IN ANAMBRA BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA

The sandstone in Adu-Achi and environs were subjected to sieve analysis. The aim of this the study is to determine the textural characteristics and depositional environment of the sediments in the Ajali Sandstone. The results of grain size analysis showed that the sandstone range from fine to coarse grained, moderately sorted, mostly platykurtic and negatively skewed indicating sand of fluvial origin ranging from channel floor, point bar to braided rivers, also suggesting moderately to high/t...

Evaluation of depth to basement, Heat Flow, and Lead-Zinc mineralization from analysis of aeromagnetic data in some parts of Southern Benue Trough

The techniques of aeromagnetic data analysis were employed to elucidate depth to magnetic basement sources, leadzinc (pb-zn) mineralisation and heat flow in parts of Southern Benue Trough. The study area covers an area extent of about 18,150 sq. Km, latitude 05 0 30’N - 06 0 30’N and longitude 007 0 30’E - 009 0 00’E. The digital aeromagnetic data consisting of Total Magnetic Intensity with geospatial attributes covering six (6) sheets 302 (Nkalagu), 303 (Abakaliki), 304 (Dangha), 313...

ASSESSMENT OF DEPTH TO LEAD-ZINC DEPOSIT IN PARTS OF SOUTHERN BENUE TROUGH USING INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

This study employed the techniques of electrical resistivity, induced polarization and aeromagneticmethods to investigate and quantify lead-zinc ore deposits. The electrical methods of geophysicalexploration were employed to measure thickness of overburden as well as width of the ore across thestudy area. IP method was used to investigate dissemination of lead-zinc sulphides. Aeromagneticdata over the area was acquired and processed to detect lead-zinc lode as well as magnetic anomaliespresen...

Comparative Study of the Aquifer Transmissivity and Hydraulic Conductivity Values From Different Methods. Case Study Agbani Sandstone, South Eastern, Nigeria

The aquifer transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity values of Agbani Sandstone was investigated using different statistical and pumping test approaches developed by different authors. A total of three (3) boreholes was constructed during the time of this study and it was used to determine aquifer characteristics of Agbani Sandstone. The depths to water table vary from 80 - 120 m and the results of transmissivity (T) values obtained from various approaches varies from 0.883 to 2.855 m2h-1 fo...

APPLICATION OF POLLUTION INDICES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS POLLUTION IN SOILS AROUND ABANDONED ONYEAMA COAL MINE, SOUTHEASTERN, NIGERIA

The primary aim of this study is to indicate the seasonal variations of heavy metals in the soil within the Abandoned Onyeama Coal Mine. To examine the extent of heavy metals pollution, 45 soil samples were collected from different locations inside and outside Abandoned Onyeama Coal Mine during the rainy and dry seasons for one year. The level of toxic metals viz., Pb, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd, Fe and Cr were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Majority of the samples were below the sta...

Eutrophication Status of Shallow Wells in a Cretaceous Regolith Aquifer, Enugu Metropolis, South-Eastern Nigeria

The protection of groundwater quality is a critical aspect of ecosystem preservation. Nutrient (NO3-N and PO4-P) and non-nutrient (temperature and pH) assessments were carried out to study the shallow groundwater quality of Enugu metropolis in Southeastern, Nigeria. The result reveals that NO3-N and PO4-P are the main factors that endanger shallow groundwater quality safety of the Enugu metropolis. Total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were observed to vary across the e...

HYDROGEOCHEMISTRY AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN OZALLA, NIGERIA

Groundwater is one of the most valuable natural resources,playing a fundamental role in human health and wellness, socioeconomic development, and ecosystem functioning. Being the elixir of life,water resources ensure the stability of the ecosystem and the status ofhuman health. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of thegroundwater/surface water in the Ozalla were investigated by analyzingseven groundwater/surface samples, using various statistical methodsand graphical approaches to identify fact...

Groundwater Potential Of Akpugo In Nkanu Area Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria

Abstract: Groundwater potential at Akpugo and environs in Nkanu West Local Government Area of Enugu State has been undertaken in order to determine the groundwater status in the area. It lies on latitudes 060 2010011N to 0602510011N and longitudes 0070 3410011 to 00703910011E with an areal extent of about 86.49km2, over three geological units. A total of Twenty-five (25) vertical electrical sounding (VES) were acquired to determine the groundwater potential of the study area. Contour variatio...

GRANOMETRIC AND MORPHOMETRY ANALYSIS OF SANDSTONE DEPOSITED WITHIN AWKUNANAW AND ENVIRONS IN ENUGU AREA SOUTHEASTERN, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT: An intensive field mapping covering a total of nineteen locations was carried on. This study aimed at determining the geology and depositional environments of sandstone deposited within Awkunanaw and environs in Enugu area. Based on litho-facies the study area is underlain by five lithological units. Integrated granometric (textural analysis) was carried out on eight (8) friable sandstone samples collected from two locations based on their stratigraphic positions. An application of...

PALEONTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF IMO SHALE AT UMUNAUMUAWO, EZEAGU, ANAMBRA BASIN, NIGERIA: AGE AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract The lithofacies and foraminiferal assemblages of the Imo Formation exposed at Umuna-Umuawo, Ezeagu, Anambra Basin were evaluated for the purpose of environmental interpretation and age dating. Lithofacies were described based on lithology. The lithologic units of the succession are basically dark-grey to bluish-grey shales with presence of gastropod mineralized shells depicting a marine depositional environment. The shale is interbedded with patches of siltstone and clay beds. The me...

Reconnaissance Exploration for Gold in the Misaki Area within the Iramba-Sekenke Greenstone Belt, Central Tanzania

Abstract Combinations of geological, geophysical and geochemical techniques have been used to explore for gold deposits at Misaki within the Iramba-Sekenke Greenstone Belt in Singida region. The Misaki area is occupied by different rocks including homogeneous coarse-grained granite containing numerous xenoliths (> 5 vol. %), tonalite, K-rich granite, pegmatite and dolerite dykes. All granitic rocks have been intruded by dolerite dykes, cut by epidote veins and are found juxtaposed to a tonal...

RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS AND PALAEO-DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF DUSKI FIELD, ONSHORE, NIGER- DELTA, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT  The Niger Delta is a prolific hydrocarbon producing belt in the southern Nigeria sedimentary basin on the continental margin of the Gulf of Guinea. This study used well log suites to delineate the hydrocarbon reservoirs, depositional environments and lithostratigraphy of the Duski Field, Onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria. A comprehensive interpretation of the three wells revealed five (5) reservoir units with low volume of shale and thickness variations between 24m and 60.20m. The aver...

HYDROCARBON GENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTS OF KANADI-1 WELL, BORNU BASIN, NIGERIA

ABSTRACT The hydrocarbon potential and paleodepositional environment of Cretaceous sediments from the Borno Basin, Nigeria, were assessed by Rock-eval pyrolysis and biomarker geochemistry. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC), soluble organic matter (SOM) and genetic potential (GP) values ranged from 0.52 – 0.82wt%, 455.64 – 1003.04 ppm and 0.23 – 0.63 mg/g, respectively. These values suggested that the sediments were moderately rich in organic matter. The Hydrogen Index (HI) values (19 – 8...

The Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health (SEGH): building for the future

SEGH has been a welcoming society for early career researchers (ECRs) over the years, providing a supportive and encouraging atmosphere at conferences. However, a formal structure was required to continue to engage and support ECRs as they become established in their careers. In addition, retention and recognition of experienced scientists and practitioners were required for past and ongoing contributions to the long-standing success of SEGH since the initial formation in the early 1...