Abstract: Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have been globally considered emerging environmental contaminants that pose a serious concern to human health and the ecosystem. The ubiquitous nature of ARB and ARGs among pathogens from wastewater effluents, indicate that wastewater treatment facilities are major reservoirs for antibiotic resistance determinants, thus contributing to the widespread dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The primary object...
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is regarded as a global health threat, characterized by rising resistant bacteria and rapid development of resistance genes to existing antibiotics used in clinical and veterinary settings. AMR has negative impacts and affects human, animal, and the environment. In Botswana, Africa, AMR is not well understood, particularly in rural settings with poor sanitation. The misuse and overuse of commonly used antibiotics like ß-lactam antibiotics, combi...
Abstract: Aerobic moderately thermophilic and thermophilic methane-oxidizing bacteria make a substantial contribution in the control of global warming through biological reduction of methane emissions and have a unique capability of utilizing methane as their sole carbon and energy source. Here, we report a novel moderately thermophilic Methylococcus-like Type Ib methanotroph recovered from an alkaline thermal spring (55.4 °C and pH 8.82) in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The isolate, designate...
Abstract: Gaet’ale (GAL) and Mud’ara (MUP) are two hypersaline ponds located in the Danakil Depression recharged by underground water from the surrounding highlands. These two ponds have different pH, salinity, and show variation in the concentration of many ionic components. Metagenomic analysis concludes that GAL is dominated by bacteria as in the case of the other hypersaline and acidic ponds in the Danakil Depression. However, Archaea dominated the ponds of MUP. In the current study,...
Abstract: Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are not known to harbor endosymbiotic bacteria. Here we show, using nucleic acid-based methods, that 16S rRNA gene sequences specific to a recently described mosquito midgut bacterium, Thorsellia anophelis, is predominant in the midgut of adult An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes captured in residences in central Kenya, and also occurs in the aquatic rice paddy environment nearby. PCR consistently detected T. anophelis in the surface microlayer of rice paddies,...
Abstract: Concentrations and distribution of cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese and zinc in mosquito larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya and their effect on the presence of Anopheles gambiae, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles funestus larvae were investigated. Manganese and iron were the most prevalent heavy metals in water of larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, respectively. Iron was the most prevalent heavy metal in bottom sediments i...
The wrong and excessive use of antibiotics in the poultry industry poses a threat to public health due to the release of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the environment and its impact on consumers of poultry products. This research aimed to investigate the occurrence and patterns of antibiotic resistance found in Klebsiella species isolated from poultry faeces in Owo metropolis. Fecal samples were collected from healthy broilers in three privately-owned poultry farms in Owo, using sterile ...
Background and Objectives: Abuse and indiscriminate use of antibiotics, prolong hospital admission, travel history, organ transplants, immunocompromised conditions and age are parts of the factors that contribute to development of antibiotic resistance and intestinal carriage of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae. These bacteria affect the course and outcome of an infection and continue to pose a challenge to infection management worldwide. This study was carried out ...
Abstract The current approach of morbidity control of schistosomiasis, a helminth disease of poverty with considerable public health and socioeconomic impact, is based on preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel. There is a pressing need for new drugs against this disease whose control entirely depends on this single drug that has been widely used over the past 40 years. We argue that a broader anthelminthic approach supplementing praziquantel with new antischistosomals targeting different p...
India is treasure of traditional Knowledge which has been disseminated through non-institutional means from generation to generation and is, for the most part, undocumented. However, the knowledge about microbial world by Indian Rishis presented in Sanskrit Shlokas or Suktas of our traditional manuscripts such as Vedas remained unseen. Before the invention of microscope modern science had little knowledge about the microbial biodiversity which is very clearly Presented in Vedas and Gita. ...
Vedas are considered Ultimate Source of Knowledge and the most ancient written literature of the world. All great ancient thinkers and Philosophers. From Brahma down to Jaimini opine that the Vedas are as old as the advent of man and believe that the Vedas are Revelation. The natural outcome of the. Optimistic and robust outlook, which the ancient Indians had on life, was a keen desire to live a long and healthy life of a hundred years. They advocated the theory “Prevention is better tha...
Abstract This study investigated the microorganisms associated with the spoilage of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) obtained from two markets in Jahun town, Jahun Local Government in Jigawa State, Nigeria. A total of five species of bacteria were isolated and identified viz: Bacillus subtilis, B.aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The most prevalent bacterial isolate was Bacillus subtilis with 24% and was found in all samples from the two markets. Klebsi...
Abstract: Algae Play vital role in aquatic ecosystems by forming the energy base of the food web for all aquatic organisms. Thepresent study with relation to Potential of Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenineae, classes of algae carried out for Nakane Lake of Dhule district. In Maharashtra very few workers have paid attention on limnological aspects of algae from lotic & lentic water habitat. These studies of Nakane Lake were carried out during December�...
Abstract An investigation was carried out on the plasmid profile of Streptococcus lactis and Lactobacillus plantanum isolated from a total of 120 samples collected from Oyingbo, a local market in Lagos State. Morphological, cultural, physiological characterization and API kits were employed to isolate and identify and treptococcus lactis and Lactobacillus plantanum. All the isolates harboured plasmids ranging from 1-7 in numbers and 3kb – 21.5 kb in sizes. Distinct plasmid patterns were...
ABSTRACT This work assessed the probiotic potential of “Nunu” using Lactobacillus, a genus of Lactic acid bacteria and a major probiotic organism as the indicator. The viable Lactobacillus counts of samples purchased from six different areas within Lagos Mainland were enumerated by serial dilution and pour plating in selective media, DeMann, Rogosa and Sharpe agar (MRS). Twelve strains of Lactobacillus were randomly selected from the samples and identified by standard morphological, physi...