Abstract: The wastewater treatment industry has identified the discharge of inorganic anions such as phosphate and fluoride into water as a risk to the natural environment and human health. Among various methods used to remove phosphate and fluoride anions, adsorption is widely used because of its low cost, ease of use and simplicity. In this study, cerium-based organic metal frameworks was proposed as adsorbent to remove phosphate and fluoride ions from water.. The aim of this work was to s...
xiii ABSTRACT Climate variability is an emerging phenomenon that is threatening dairy farming globally. The dairy-climate change dilemma in Kenya cannot be mistaken. However, extensive research into dairy farming and an understanding of the dynamics of climate variability effects is greatly lacking.The study investigated the effects of climate variability on dairy farming in Masaba North Sub-county of Nyamira County, Kenya. The main objective was to determine the effects of climate variabilit...
This study was designed to focus on why subsistence livestock farmers concentrate mainly on cattle rearing instead of diversifying the livestock sector to incorporate small ruminants particularly goats which can sustain under a diverse climatic conditions. Areas of interest in this study were socioeconomic and cultural factors namely; social status, ownership, dignity, prestige, taste, lack of information on sustainable goat farming, customary activities, income and market that influence fa...
Abstract The current ecological status of the Kagoro/Tsonje riparian forest was assessed and information was gathered on the flora and bird fauna, water quality parameters and soil status. Other data collections were phytoplankton types and population. Physiocochemical properties of the soil were tested .Modified Whittakker plots were used to evaluate woody species for density, diversity and similarity measure. One metre by one metre ...
ABSTRACT The broad objective of this study was to analyse sustainable agricultural resource use in Nigeria using the Ecological Footprint Approach. The specific objectives included to; estimate the global emergy and emergy density, determine the ecological footprint per capita, analyse the per capita bio-capacity, and ascertain the level of agricultural resource use, sustainability status and resource substitution in Nigeria. The total land area, population and thematic data of the country ...
ABSTRACT The broad objective of this study was to analyse sustainable agricultural resource use in Nigeria using the Ecological Footprint Approach. The specific objectives included to; estimate the global emergy and emergy density, determine the ecological footprint per capita, analyse the per capita bio-capacity, and ascertain the level of agricultural resource use, sustainability status and resource substitution in Nigeria. The total land area, population and thematic data of the country w...
Bioluminescence is the process by which certain living organisms produce light through a seriesof enzymatically catalyzed biochemical reactions (Brodl et al., 2018). Any organism that iscapable of exhibiting or carrying out bioluminescence is termed a bioluminescent organism.Bioluminescence is a phenomenon that has been found in almost all branches of the evolutionarytree (Tyulkova et al., 2009), meaning that representative organisms from ...
ABSTRACT The study utilized primary data collected from 80 respondents selected via multistage sampling procedure to analyzed the cost and return of aquaculture production in Ekiti State, Nigeria A predictive multiple regression model was estimated to determine the influence of cost of inputs on the farmer’s revenue. Profitability parameters such as Gross margin, Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Return on Investment (ROI) and Percentage Profitability (PP) were used to estimate the profitability of...
ABSTRACT Inefficiencies in maize production do not only have adverse effect on the output of maize but it also poses a serious threat to income generation, food security and the general welfare of the people. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the level and determinants of technical efficiency of maize farmers. The proportionate stratified and simple random technique was used to select 306 maize farmers. Descriptive statistics was used to describe farm and farmer specific characte...
ABSTRACT Food insecurity remains a major challenge among the small-scale farmers in Kyuso SubCounty. Though the Ministry of Agriculture has been training small-scale farmers on various dryland farming technologies, Kyuso Sub-County has remained food insecure. This is evidenced by the fact that small-scale farmers in the Sub-County depend on food aid for their survival. The role played by the dryland farming technologies in ensuring household food security among the small-scale farmers has no...
Abstract: The invasion by Striga in most cereal crop fields in Africa has posed an acute threat to food security and socioeconomic integrity. Consequently, numerous technological and research developments have been made to minimize and even control the Striga impacts on crop production. So far, efforts to control Striga have primarily focused on the manipulation of the genetics of the host crops, as well as understanding the phenological and physiological traits, along with the chemical comp...
ABSTRACT Exponential growth in human population has led to the exploitation of natural resources e.g. organic matter reserves for crop production. Various interventions such as manuring, fertilization, green manuring etc. have been proposed to enhance continuous crop production. However, the sustainability of these methods are unknown. Soil productivity depends largely on organic carbon stocks (SOC). The labile organic matter fraction or pool is associated with nutrient dynamics and responds ...
Complexing capacities of calcium and magnesium with natural organic matter (NOM)/selected organic chelating agents, in the presence and absence of other major and trace cations in water, were studied by anodic and cathodic square wave stripping voltammetry techniques (ASWSV and CSWSV). Under predetermined and optimized physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature and ionic strength), calcium-NOM complexation and competitive complexation by other elements of known concentration (Pb, Zn, a...
ABSTRACT Tobacco farming is well established as the traditional cash crop in Tabora region. However, in recent years, groundnut is one among the cash crops which have been introduced in the area as an alternative source of income for smallholder farmers. Using 2007/2008 cropping season survey and the data from 121 randomly selected smallholder farmers from three villages, this study provides a comparative economic analysis for tobacco and groundnut farming systems. The analysis of quantitati...
ABSTRACT The hydrocarbon potential and paleodepositional environment of Cretaceous sediments from the Borno Basin, Nigeria, were assessed by Rock-eval pyrolysis and biomarker geochemistry. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC), soluble organic matter (SOM) and genetic potential (GP) values ranged from 0.52 – 0.82wt%, 455.64 – 1003.04 ppm and 0.23 – 0.63 mg/g, respectively. These values suggested that the sediments were moderately rich in organic matter. The Hydrogen Index (HI) values (19 – 8...