ABSTRACT A Ferric Acrisol (Toje series) under three land use systems namely, natural fallow (forest), a Leucaena leucocephala woodlot and a cultivated plot were studied. Soils from profiles and surface horizons were evaluated to determine the effect of management systems on variability in soil properties and soil quality. A combination of field study and laboratory analyses was carried out. In all, 15 profile samples and 75 grid samples taken from a 12 m x 12 m area at intervals of 3 m each b...
ABSTRACT Abundance and distribution of Fiddler crabs of genus Uca, were examined along the environmental gradient at Pangani estuary. Physiochemical parameters, abundance and distribution of Uca crabs were measured and observed respectively. Data were collected during a low spring tide through field observation and comparisons, were made along estuary river mouth (close to the sea), intermediate (at the middle between the sea and river) and upstream (close to the river). The results of physi...
ABSTRACT Mandawa Basin is an onshore pull-apart basin located at the southern east coast of Tanzania and covers an area of 16,000 sq.km, it evolved during Permo-Triassic time by ENE-WSW extensional movements during Gondwana rifting and NW-SE extensional movements resulted from drifting of Madagascar during Jurassic time. Hydrocarbon exploration started in 1952, with the first deep exploration well (Mandawa-7) drilled in 1958 by BP company, there after ten exploration wells have been drilled ...
Abstract: Rapid population growth and expanding urbanization have caused a dramatic increase in type and volume of household solid waste generated in many towns of the country including Morsito town. Most of this solid waste is illegally dumped in open site. The objective of this study was to determine the generation rate and characterize selected physicochemical properties of household solid waste in Morsito Town. A total of 131 households were randomly selected from purposively selected 2 ...
ABSTRACT In Kenya, diabetes mellitus is of health concern to the public, because it causes substantial morbidity, mortality, and long-term complications. Synthetic drugs used in the management of diabetes are unavailable, have numerous side effects and are expensive. Many plants such as Piper capense, Berberis holstii, Sonchus asper, Vernonia lasiopus and Galinsoga parviflora used traditionally to manage many diseases including diabetes mellitus but their efficacy and safety after long-term ...
ABSTRACT The disinfection of water is of prime importance both for the animals and humans, since the presence of microorganisms in water may cause diseases including hepatitis, cholera, typhoid fever and dysentery. Reagents, techniques based on the use of a broad range of chemical agents are commonly used to disinfect water. Among them are chlorine, fluorine, ozone and ions of heavy metals. However, in the case where some organic substances remain in water, chlorine and ozone reacts with them...
Abstract The Akinbo Formation comprises a sequence of mostly dark, pale-greenish grey, laminated shale, slightly glauconitic shale, sandy shale with subordinate claystone lenses. Selected subsurface samples of the shaly facies as penetrated by Akinside 1582 well in eastern Dahomey basin, were investigated by sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical parameters to ascertain the hydrocarbon potential and deduce the influence of variations of clay mineral indicators on the prospect. Values...
ABSTRACT Contract farming in sunflower as a vertically integrated mode of production and marketing is one of the most important transformations in the agriculture sector in Tanzania. Despite the introduction of CF in sunflower, many challenges persisted. These include unfavourable prices or markets. The reasons or factors for persistence of challenges in sunflower CF was the uniqueness of smallholder sunflower farmers such that the conventional CF arrangement was not fully applicable to it. T...
ABSTRACT The Muni-Pomadze wetland in the Central Region of Ghana is one of five internationally-recognised coastal wetlands (Ramsar sites) in Ghana under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. The wetland is known for its rich variety of biodiversity and unpolluted ecosystem and is fed by a main river called Pratu along with its tributaries (Ntakofa and Muni Rivers) that flows into the Muni lagoon. However, the need to produce enough food to feed the ever increasing populatio...
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the doctrine of separation of powers in a democratic dispensation. The paper argues that if rights, liberties and freedom of citizens are to be maintained and guaranteed in any society under democratic rule, then the three organs of government must be separated and entrusted to different people to administer. In a democratic dispensation, there is more separation of powers in the presidential system of government than the cabinet or parliamentary systems. This is...
ABSTRACT Agriculture is a dominant sector of the Kenyan economy and contributes 25 percent of the GDP. Being the highest foreign exchange earner Growth is anticipated to propel the fulfillment of the 2030 vision. In line with the GoK initiatives various government agencies have initiated irrigation projects over the years, in particular small scale irrigation projects with great emphasis on sustainable development. So that food supply in the country is safe, the government has advocated for m...
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important food security crop in Ethiopia. However, the national average yield is very low owing to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses. Low soil fertility, coupled with limited fertilizer application practice by famers could be amongst the major one of the stresses that may caused for the low national mean yield of the crop in the country. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at Bako to study the effect of integrated use of Rhizo...
ABSTRACT Tree Based Integrated Food-energy System is a farming system that combines food crops and trees for wood energy production on the same farm. This farming system aims at producing both food and wood energy on the same piece of land through sustainable crop integration and agro-systems. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining how this system can promote the livelihoods of small-holder farmers in Kenya, with particular focus on Chuka Igambang’ombe Sub-county in Tharaka Nithi Cou...
Abstract The complexity of the microstructure of the active layer in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) poses a unique challenge in improving the efficiency of OPV devices. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation provides a direct route to determining this microstructure. However, for a donor material like poly (3- hexylthiophene), (P3HT)n, approximations made in all previous force field for MD simulation has been the neglect of explicit polarization. We looked at the morphology of (P3HT)n using MD sim...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of HIV/AIDS on farm income and food production in Kavango region. Representative farm models of communal farms for each of the two most common farming systems in Kavango region were developed. These are the riverline and inland farming systems, which were then used to determine the levels of farm income and food production at farm level under various HIV/AIDS scenarios in terms of changes in resource availability and gender, bas...