ABSTRACT Hospitals effluent often contain chemical compounds which may have negative impact on the environment and human health if not properly treated. Investigations were conducted to determine the bacteriological and physico-chemical qualities of effluent discharged from University of Ghana hospital into the environment and its effects on agricultural soils and vegetables. Water and soil quality analyses of some physico-chemical and bacteriological variables were carried out on effluent s...
ABSTRACT Introduction: The convergence of TB and HIV dual epidemics are major public health challenges in Ghana as well as many developing countries. Globally, the TB epidemic is fuelled by the HIV epidemic. The chances of death in TB-HIV co-infected patients are higher than TB only patients as reported by most studies. Treatment outcome monitoring is a vital part of the surveillance needed to successfully eliminate TB. Aim: The study was conducted to determine the factors associated with T...
ABSTRACT Objective The main objective of the study was to determine which component of the National Drug Policy was working and which was not. Thus this study aimed to compare the current practices in the implementation of the Drug Policy with findings obtained in 1996 and 1998 and to determine strengths and weaknesses of some of those strategies adopted in the implementation process. The study took place in the Dangme West District. Subdistrict health staff working in the ten Health Centre...
ABSTRACT Background: Menstruation is the recurring peeling of the inner part of the uterus or the shedding of the uterine lining on a regular basis in the reproductive-aged females during the monthly menstrual cycles. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is an everyday challenge to the adolescent girl child globally, and in developing countries like Ghana. There is great need for the achievement of good hygiene practices among Basic School girls because attitude towards menstrual hygiene acqui...
ABSTRACT This study was on Determinants of Utilization of Youth friendly Reproductive Health services (YFRHS) among school and college youth in Thika West District of Kiambu County, Kenya. The reproductive and sexual health of the youth remains a relatively new and sensitive area mainly due to restrictive norms and policies guiding the services. Sex and sexuality among the young people have remained a sacred area and few structures were in place to address it. After International Conference o...
ABSTRACT Background: Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased morbidity, cost, prolonged hospital stay, and greater than 50% mortality rate in abdominal surgery. Among abdominal procedures, open surgical technique has the highest risk of postoperative AKI as compared to the laparoscopic approach. Postoperative AKI is a common condition in laparotomy patients. In patients with emergency abdominal conditions, laparotomy offers the only chance for cure. Various compl...
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Anaemia in pregnant women is a common global phenomenon. It is endemic in developing countries and often results in complications for both the mother and the foetus (born or unborn). Neonates born to iron-deficient mothers are more susceptible to anaemia, are low birthweight or preterm and have higher mortality. WHO estimates showed that Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of 57.1%. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and assess the fact...
ABSTRACT Background: The healthcare industry serves as one of the main sectors for national development in every country as it is central to the happiness and the wellbeing of the population (WHO, 2008) . Job satisfaction as explained by (Spector, 2008) as the level to which employees like the work they do, is of more importance in the health sector as it affects the delivery of services among nurses positively or negatively (Ahmad et al., 2017) . This study examined the role of nurse manage...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Violence against women is considered a violation of their basic human rights. WHO reports that at least one in three women have experienced some form of physical or sexual abuse at some point in their lifetime. Civil society and governments around the world have acknowledged violence against women as a major obstacle to development. It has a major impact on the health status of the woman leading to low productivity, high cost of treatments (legal, hospital and law enforc...
ABSTRACT Background: Obesity is a growing public health issue even in low and middle income countries which are usually associated with issues of undernutrition. The growing prevalence is leading to what is known as the “double burden” of malnutrition (Manyanga, El-Sayed, Doku, & Randall, 2014). Adolescents are a group that are particularly vulnerable with respect to obesity because they are likely to carry obesity into their later years (Manyanga et al., 2014; Teshome, Singh, & Debebe, ...
ABSTRACT Background Substantial evidence have shown that food environment contributes to the increasing obesity and other nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among children and adults. The increasing obesity prevalence and nutrition-related NCDs suggest there is a need for a more comprehensive and robust approach including regulating environmental food exposures. In certain jurisdictions, nutrition standards can regulate the nature and quality of foods sold in schools contribu...
ABSTRACT Pneumococcal diseases are responsible for killing at least one million children under the age of five every year: over 70% of these deaths are in developing countries. This total is greater than that due to malaria, AIDS and measles combined. Streptococcus pneumoniae has over 90 serotypes, out of which eight are included in the 10-valent Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Synflorix) currently in use in Kenya. Pneumococci are highly diverse and serotype prevalence is dynamic based on age...
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Over the years, medical care has become more complex, making complete patient medical history not accessible in certain situations. The quest for comprehensive medical history of patients for the purpose of continuity of care brought about the evolution of storing patient information electronically. Previous health information plays a critical role in the proper diagnosis and treatment of patients. Therefore, there should be an efficient information management system i...
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of substance use, the age of first substance use and factors the influence the use among Junior High school pupils in the Dangme West District. Stratified random sampling of 366 JHS pupils within the eight education circuit areas in the district completed structured questionnaires. Four focus group discussions were carried out with two groups of girls and two groups of boys and five key informants interviewed on substance use. A...
ABSTRACT Background: School age children are faced with various forms of sensory disorders which impair academic, social and functional development. One of the most prevalent forms of sensory disorder is hearing loss. Auditory screening serves as an important process in identifying children with undetected hearing loss. The use of pure-tone audiometry has been the back bone of assessing children. In Ghana, auditory screening of school children has not been efficient due largely to the scarci...