ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is known to result in 700,000 deaths each year worldwide, mostly in low and middle income countries. Currently, Ghana faces a double disease burden from communicable and non-communicable diseases, coupled with poor monitoring of antibiotic use and weak regulatory systems. There is also a lack of capacity to link results of laboratory diagnostic tests to sale of medicines as well as uncontrolled veterinary use of antibiotics, compounding t...
ABSTRACT Background It is a common goal among emergency medical systems all over the world to respond as fast as possible to the scene of emergencies in order to improve patient outcome. The study was done to assess whether ambulance response time has an influence on prehospital trauma survival. Method: A retrospective cross sectional study whereby data from trauma patients transported by ambulances belonging to the National Ambulance Service from January to December 2014 in the Greate...
Summary The nutritional deficiencies endured in early childhood can have debilitating mental and physical consequences that are carried to adulthood. In the third world countries a variety of activities such as growth monitoring and evaluation, community based weaning foods feeding programmes and many others have been under taken to prevent and treat malnutrition in childhood. Past studies in Ghana has shown that under nutrition is prevalent among preschool children. The DHMT of Akatsi dis...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adequate infant feeding enhances growth, overall health and survival of infants in the early years of life and throughout the life cycle. Maternal health care services offer mothers education on infant feeding and care. Effective counselling, knowledge and attendance of caregivers to child welfare clinics is a major route towards optimal infant feeding. As Ghana seeks to achieve optimal universal health for all mothers and children through targeted policy making, this ...
ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis B is the inflammation of the liver caused by the Hepatitis B virus. The risk of maternal transmission of Hepatitis B infection in pregnancy and a peri-natal period is dependent on maternal Hepatitis B envelop antigen (HbeAg). A positive HbeAg mother has between 70-90% chances of transmitting the virus to the unborn child. This study sought to determine the prevalence of and predictors of Hepatitis B among pregnant women in the Wa municipality. The study also ass...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sierra Leone has one of the worst maternal health indices among other countries, and it is also one of the countries with the lowest human development index. Majority of the causes of maternal morbidity and mortality can be prevented by means of utilization of adequate antenatal care, institutional delivery and skilled birth attendants. However, utilization of Maternal Health Care (MHC) services is generally low in the country. There is an alarming shortage of skilled Hea...
ABSTRACT Background: Drug use is a global public health issue and transcends cultural boundaries. Substance use and their accompanying disorders have consequences for people's mental, physical and environmental health. Drug addiction is a contributing factor to poor dental health among drug addicts. There is documented disability and comorbidity associated with drug use, nevertheless, majority of these people have never been treated and others don’t continue treatment when they start. This...
ABSTRACT Background: HBV infection remains one of the highly infectious diseases that can be contracted by HCW’S through needle pricks, sharp related injuries, and splash of blood or body fluids into the eyes or mucus membranes and other human activities like unprotected sexual intercourse. Nurses are known to be a high risk group for the infection but nursing students are even at the greatest risk of the infection due to their inexperience. Despite these facts above, the prevalence and th...
ABSTRACT Background: Globally, one major feature of markets is the generation of all manner of waste – animal waste, waste from food products sold, human waste, among others. To prevent negative occurrences as diseases and food poisoning, sanitation at markets must be adequately addressed. Objectives: The study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of sanitation and health of market users at the Agbogbloshie market in Accra, Ghana. It explored three objectives as follow...
ABSTRACT The embryotoxicity potentials of normal dosage regimens of chloroquine used for therapeutic purposes were assessed in this research. Accordingly, five dosage regimens ^ . 5 ,10;0 12.5 15;0 and 20;0®g/kg body weight)=0f chtorocjuine diphosphate were screened by the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method to select those, which will provide whole blood levels: m the (Sprague-Dawley) rats comparable to those achievable during therapeutic use. The dosages of 7.5, 10,0 and ...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to examine the factors that contribute to the utilization of HIV Testing and Counselling among the youth of Fanteakwa District of Ghana in light of the health belief model. The study involved 424 youths between the ages of 15 - 24 in the Fanteakwa District in the eastern Region of Ghana. The quantitative approach was used in the study using the Health Belief Model. The multi-stage sampling technique was adopted for the study involving the simple random sampli...
ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes is a key public health challenge that is approaching epidemic proportion worldwide. Utilization of care services among persons diagnosed with diabetes helps in early detection of diabetic retinopathy and also, allows for timely intervention. Evidence shows that the utilization of eye care services among patients living with diabetes, in Ghana is low. Objective: To determine factors associated with utilization of eye care services among patients with diabetes, att...
ABSTRACT Background: The burden of malaria in mobile populations is still less documented in subSaharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of malaria among hawkers and long distance truck drivers in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Method: A cross-sectional study using consecutive sampling method between June and July 2016 in Accra and Tema was used. The study population was Hawkers who roam in the street and long distance truck drivers. RDTs and two thick blood smears were made f...
ABSTRACT Injections are one of the most common health care procedures, with some 16 billion injections administered world-wide each year. Most injections (90% to 95%) are given for therapeutic purposes, and only 5% to 10% are given for immunization. (Immunization essentials, a practical field guide. 2003) Among other things, injection safety assessment includes; Competence of the staff on injection practice, the availability of injection equipment, logistics and supplies, Injection waste disp...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Spastic Cerebral palsy accounts for 70-80% of all types of Cerebral palsy. Spasticity as a major feature limits and restricts patients’ ability to walk, stand, sit, or roll effectively due to excessive muscle contraction interfering with lengthening of the affected muscles. It poses a challenge even though there are well known interventions. Rehabilitation which includes physiotherapy is one of the widely accepted interventions. Physiotherapists in other countries and in...