ABSTRACT
Energy benchmarking and carbon footprint reduction opportunities in Portland cement
manufacturing processes in Nigeria are presented. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is
used to estimate the environmental impact of three cement manufacturing processes in
Nigeria. The energy consumption of the cement manufacturing processes are evaluated
using energy Benchmarking and Energy Savings Tool for cement (BEST-Cement).
BEST-Cement evaluates and compares the energy consumption of the cement
manufacturing processes in Nigeria to China (world largest producer of cement) and
International energy benchmark practices. Energy Conservation Supply Curves
(ECSC) were used to evaluate energy and emission reduction mitigations measures
through the application of energy efficient measures/technological changes. A list of 34
energy efficiency measures/technologies were applied as per the technological
requirement of each cement manufacturing process technology in constructing an
Energy Conservation Supply Curve (ECSC). The carbon footprint of 1 tonne of
Portland cement produced by the wet, semi-wet and dry cement manufacturing
processes in Nigeria estimated using the 100 years Global Warming Potential (GWP)
value are 871 kg of CO2 Eq, 694.45 kg CO2 Eq and 621 kg of CO2 Eq respectively per
tonne. The average technical potential for thermal and electrical energy savings for the
three cement manufacturing processes when compared to International cement
manufacturing energy benchmarks were 35% and 39.27%. When compared to Chinese
cement manufacturing energy benchmarks, the average technical potential for thermal
and electrical energy savings were 29% and 25.56% respectively. Results from the
Energy Conservation Supply Curve model, indicates that the cost-effective energy
efficiency potential for the wet cement plant in 2010 is 235,038 GJ/year, which
accounts for 6.87% of primary energy, for the semi-wet process it is estimated at
237,913GJ/year which accounts for 8.89% of primary energy and the dry cement plant
VII
estimated to be 374,055GJ/year which accounts for 14% of primary energy. The
reduction in carbon footprint emissions due to use of selected energy efficiency
measures/technological changes applied to the Conservation Supply Curves estimates
that a total of 12,362 tCO2Eq per year, 12,694 tCO2Eq per year and 20,502 tCO2Eq per
year are achieved for the wet, semi-wet and dry cement manufacturing processes in
Nigeria respectively.
, B & BABATUNDE, O (2021). Energy Benchmarking And Carbon Footprint Reduction Opportunities In Portland Cement Manufacturing Processes In Nigeria. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/energy-benchmarking-and-carbon-footprint-reduction-opportunities-in-portland-cement-manufacturing-processes-in-nigeria
, BAFUWA and OLUWAFEMI BABATUNDE "Energy Benchmarking And Carbon Footprint Reduction Opportunities In Portland Cement Manufacturing Processes In Nigeria" Afribary. Afribary, 05 May. 2021, https://afribary.com/works/energy-benchmarking-and-carbon-footprint-reduction-opportunities-in-portland-cement-manufacturing-processes-in-nigeria. Accessed 06 Nov. 2024.
, BAFUWA, OLUWAFEMI BABATUNDE . "Energy Benchmarking And Carbon Footprint Reduction Opportunities In Portland Cement Manufacturing Processes In Nigeria". Afribary, Afribary, 05 May. 2021. Web. 06 Nov. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/energy-benchmarking-and-carbon-footprint-reduction-opportunities-in-portland-cement-manufacturing-processes-in-nigeria >.
, BAFUWA and BABATUNDE, OLUWAFEMI . "Energy Benchmarking And Carbon Footprint Reduction Opportunities In Portland Cement Manufacturing Processes In Nigeria" Afribary (2021). Accessed November 06, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/energy-benchmarking-and-carbon-footprint-reduction-opportunities-in-portland-cement-manufacturing-processes-in-nigeria