POS 101- Introduction to Political Science

The meaning of science The word science is derived from the Latin word“SCIRE” which means “TO KNOW”. Therefore, science is a  systematic method of knowing.DefinitionsofScience Science is the observation of facts. “Science is a systematic body of knowledge, the facts of which have been accurately and impartially collected, arranged and classified through the use of various scientific methods of observation, comparison and experimentation”. Itisthesystematicobservationofnature, events, and conditions in order to discover facts about them and to formulate laws and principles based on these factors. Science is an organized body of knowledge as well as method and system of deriving truth. It is an organized body of knowledge-based upon. It is also defined to mean anybody of systematic knowledge  -the defined area of inquiry.

2 Science is an organized bodyof knowledge, systematically arranged based on observation and experiment. Some characteristics(Cannons)of Science are as follow 1.Observation: It simply means the process of looking or watching over something in order to get a certain result. In the same vein, it’s the act of looking, listening, noticing and recording some important events or elements of a performance. Two major types of observation are Participant observation and non-participant observation participant/Direct Observation: is the type of observation in which.Nonparticipant/IndirectObservation:is one in which an observer is not a member of the group he is observing.

2. Systematization: This refers to the systematic and orderly collection and analysis of data, seeking out similarities and differences and organizing them into an intelligible pattern, and procedure structure. Examples male and female, arranging students according to matric number etc.

3. Experimentation: It involves a set of actions and observations performed to verify the facts or authenticity of something. The experiment is mostly carried out in the laboratory setting. The application of the basic principles of laboratory experiments, associated with natural sciences depends largely on result got from the laboratory experiments. Natural scientists work in laboratories and the objects such as matters, atoms, and molecules, are perfectly under their control