IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWNS Safety Precautions with Unknowns Purity of an Unknown Completion of the Analysis PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Physical Appearance Melting Point or Boiling Point Compounds That Melt Near Room Temperature CLASSIFICATION BY SOLUBILITY Procedure for Solubility Tests INFRARED, NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, AND MASS SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS NMR Spectrum Mass Spectrum IR Spectrum Using Spectroscopic Data to Determine the Structure of an Unknown Compound CLASSIFICATION TESTS FOR FUNCTIO...
Delocalization and Conjugation Curved Arrow "Pushing" Major, Minor (and Unreasonable) Resonance Contributors Resonance and Hybridization Minor Resonance Contributors "Guidelines" for Resonance Resonance and Stability
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution by Addition–Elimination Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution by Elimination–Addition: Benzyne
Stereoisomers - Geometric isomers - Optical isomers - Chirality - Relative and absolute configuration
Introduction Electronegativity Factors Influencing a Chemical Reaction Inductive Effect Mesomeric Effect/Resonance Effects Applications of Mesomeric Effect The Essential Difference between Inductive Effect and Mesomeric Effect Inductometric Effect Electromeric Effect Resonance Rules of Resonance Hyperconjugation Organic Reactions and their Mechanisms Cleavage or Fission of Covalent Bonds Homolytic Cleavage or Homolytic Fission Heterolytic Cleavage or Heterolytic Fission Reaction Intermediates...
Chordates Characteristics of Chordates Sub Phylum Hemichordata General Characteristics of Hemichordata Classification Representative Animal Saccoglossus Sub-Phylum Urochordata General Characteristics of Urochordata Representative Type: Ciona Biology of Lancelet Agnatha or Cyclostoma Myxiniformae Similarities with Cephalochordate Vertebrate Features of Agnatha Difference between Petromyzon & Myxine Osteichthyes (Bony Fish) Biology of Tilapia Class Chondrichthyes Origin of Fish Origin of Jawed ...
PHYLUM HEMICHORDATA CLASS ENTEROPNEUSTA BIOLOGY OF BALANOGLOSSUS Body form Locomotion
Movement Onto Land Evolution of Terrestrial Vertebrates Modern Amphibians (Class Amphibia) Breeding Behavior Respiration Paedomorphosis
Phylum Chordata Evolutionary Perspective Hemichordates e.g Balanoglossus 5 Characteristics of Hemichordates Class Enteropneusta Class Pterobranchia SubPhylum Urochordata General Features
Structure of common toad female urinogenital system Common toad in sitting position Amphioxus: presence of oral hood with tentacles surrounding the mouth Internal Structure of Amphioxus Structure of common toad male urino-genital organ Structure of common toad brain Structure of the heart of common toad Dorsal view of common toad respiratory organ Bucco-pharyngeal cavity of common toad Extenal features of common toad
CLASSIFICATION OF CHORDATES There are two types of classification: Traditional and cladistic
Introduction to Class Reptilia Characteristics Features of Reptilia Classification in Reptilia External Morphology of Agama External features of Terrestrial Lizard External Features of Marine Lizard-Iguana Habit & Habitat of Agama Lizards Scales in Agama Gas Exchange in Agama Feeding and Nutrition in Agama Movement in Agama Blood circulation in Agama Excretion in Agama Reproduction in Agama
INTRODUCTION TO CHORDATES · Diagnostic Features of Chordates · Classification of Chordates · Biological Contribution of Chordates · Phylum Hemichordata · General Characteristics BIOLOGY OF BALANOGLOSSUS · Habits and Habitat · External Features · Skeletal Structure · Digestive System · Feeding Respiration · Ci...
DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF CHORDATE BIOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF CHORDATE
• General Introduction • Five key characteristics of Fishes • Introduction to Class Chondrichthyes • Diagnostic Features of Class Chondrichthyes • External Morphology of Spiny Dogfish Shark • Habit and Habitat of Spiny Dogfish Shark • Sense Organs of Spiny Dogfish Shark • �...