An Assessment of the Tourism Industry on Poverty Alleviation in Zanzibar A Case Study of Urban West Region Zanzibar

ABSTRACTS 

The study Assessed the tourism on Poverty Alleviation, its case study was Taken in Urban West Region of Zanzibar with three specific objectives, analyzes the contribution of tourism towards employment, to evaluate the involvement of tourism in foreign exchange earning in Zanzibar, and to find the linkage between tourism and other sectors of economy in Zanzibar. A case study method was used as research design. Deductive approach was opted and to sample the population of the study and select respondents simple random and purposive sampling techniques were applied respectively. A structured Questionnaire was used to collect data from Government Official and Main Stakeholders concerned with tourism activities while a structured interview was used in collecting data from Small Stakeholders and Informal traders who dealing with tourism in Zanzibar. To test the questions a panel of four experts was used to check the clarity and effectiveness and the collected data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the study show that, tourism industry has greater contribution to the poverty alleviation in Zanzibar, and concluded that, Zanzibar to develop need to improve and protect the tourism industry because is the only sector which support a wide scope of development of other sectors, the people life standard and the Nation in general.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter

One THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Introduction 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 4

Research Objectives 5

General Objective 5

Specific Objectives 5

Research Questions 5

Scope of the Study 5

Theoretical Scope

Geographical Scope 6

Time Scope 6

Significance of the Study 6

Conclusion 7

Two REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 8

Introduction 8

Theoretical Perspectives 8

Overview of Tourism 9

Theoretical linkage between Tourism and Poverty 9

Potential Benefits of Tourism Industry 10

Tourism in Developing Countries 10

Linkage Between Tourism and Employment in Tanzania 11

Tourism Contribution to the Zanzibar Economic Growth 12

Tourism and Poverty Reduction in Zanzibar 13

Economic Linkage Between Tourism and Other Important Sectors 14

Agricultural Sector 14

Transport 15

Communication 15

Tourism and Transportation in Zanzibar~15

Tourism toward Integrated Management and Sustainable Development of Zanzibar Coast 17

Tourism Infrastructure Projects (TIP) 18

Negative Impacts of Tourism in Tanzania 19

Environmental Problems 19

Cultural Pollution 19

Immoral Behaviour 20

Water Resources 20

Sewage 20

Conclusion 20

Three METHODOLOGY 22

Introduction 22

Research Design 22

Research Population 22

Sample Size 23

Sampling Procedures 23

Simple Random Sampling 23

Purposive Sampling Technique 24

Research Instruments 24

Questionnaire Method 24

Interview Method 24

Validity and Reliability of the instrument .25

Data Analysis 26

Ethical Considerations 26

Limitations of the Study 27

Four PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 28

Introduction 28

Quantitative Analysis 28

Characteristics of Sample Respondents 28

Contribution of Tourism on Employment Opportunity in Zanzibar 32

Sources of Foreign income from Tourism in Zanzibar.33

Group of Poor Benefited from Tourism in Zanzibar 34

Factors for Tourism Development in Zanzibar 35

Linkage between Tourism and other economic Sectors In Zanzibar 36

Problems that hinder Tourism Development 37

Details on type of Problems that hinder the Development Of Tourism in Zanzibar 38

Qualitative Analysis 39

Interview guide for Sample Respondents 39

Tourism Activities Conducted by Respondents in Zanzibar 39

Factors that Encourage people to join in Tourism at

Zanzibar 40

Problems facing People to the Tourism Activities 41

Conclusion 41

Five FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS,43

Introduction 43

Findings .4~

Tourism Contribution towards Employment in ZanzibarA3

Tourism Contribution towards Foreign Earning in Zanzibar 44

Linkage between Tourism and Other Sectors of Economy In Zanzibar 44

Answers to the Research Questions 44

What is the Contribution of Tourism towards Employment in Zanzibar? 45

What is the Contribution of Tourism towards Foreign Exchange earning in Zanzibar? 45

What the Linkage between Tourism and Other Sectors Of Economy in Zanzibar? 47

Conclusions 48

Recommendations 49

Areas for Further Studies 50

References* 51

Appendices 53

Appendix I: Transmittal Letter 53

Appendix II: Monitoring Questionnaire 54

Appendix III: Interview Guide 59

Appendix IV: Map of Zanzibar Island 62

Appendix V: International Tourist Arrival by Nationalities

Jan-Dic 2009 63

Researcher’s Curriculum Vitae 65