Assessment of Sedimentation Level Using Remote Sensing and Gis in Kiira Dam, Jinja District Uganda

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION...........................................................................................................i

CERTIFICATION........................................................................................................ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................................. iii

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................iv

ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................ix

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION................................................................................1

1.1 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................1

1.1.1 Studies carried out globally.........................................................................1

1.1.2 Studies carried out in Uganda.....................................................................2

1.2 Problem statement...........................................................................................4

1.3 Significance of the project ................................................................................4

1.4 Project objective ..............................................................................................4

1.4.1 Specific objectives .....................................................................................5

1.5 Scope of the project.........................................................................................5

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................6

2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................6

2.2 Impacts of Sedimentation in Reservoirs.............................................................7

2.3 Causes of Reservoir Sedimentation ...................................................................9

2.4 Impact of Change of Land Use on Erosion and Reservoir Sedimentation............10

2.5 Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources................................................12

2.6 Techniques of Sediment Removal from Reservoirs ...........................................13

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2.7 Determination of Sediment Accumulation in Small Reservoirs ...........................15

2.8 Development of Dams in Uganda....................................................................17

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................19

3.1 Data used......................................................................................................19

3.1.1 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Data...........................................................19

3.1.2 Satellite Data...........................................................................................19

3.1.3 Field Data................................................................................................19

3.2 Delineating the watershed in which Kiira Dam belongs .....................................20

3.3 Analysis of Satellite Imageries.........................................................................20

3.4 Digital Image Processing for Delineation of Water and Land Boundary ..............20

3.4.1 Water Index (WI) Method ........................................................................20

3.5 Corrections in Vector Contours and Masks .......................................................21

3.6 Estimation of Cumulative Capacity ..................................................................22

3.7 Validation of the remote sensing data by ground trothing.................................22

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...........................................................23

4.1 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Data.................................................................23

4.1.1 Watershed in which Kiira Dam belongs......................................................23

4.2 Satellite Data .................................................................................................24

4.3 Delineated Water and Land Boundary .............................................................25

4.4 Estimation of Cumulative Capacity ..................................................................27

4.5 Validation of the remote sensing data .............................................................29

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................32

5.1 Conclusions ...................................................................................................32

5.2 Challenges.....................................................................................................32

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5.3 Recommendations .........................................................................................32

REFFERENCES ........................................................................................................33