Charcoal Yield from Urban-Tree Residues Generated in University of Ibadan, Nigeria using Earth Mound Method

Abstract

The cost of managing ornamental and naturally growing trees in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, is becoming challenging. Adding value to the residues from these trees with a view to enhance its economic value will minimize the management cost. This study adapted Earth Mound method of charcoal production to add value to tree residues generated in the University of Ibadan to enhance its economic value. Mixed residues of Acacia nilotica (Acacia), Albizia zygia (Ayunre) and Melicia excelsa (Iroko) were retrieved from tree residues generated by the University of Ibadan Campus Tree Management Committee operation crew. Tree residues with varied moisture contents were arranged into mono-heap of (2.91 x 1.46 x 1.83)m, covered with sand and grass, and fired for 53hours to form charcoal that was harvested and bagged. The pilot heap of 7.8m3 by volume of tree residues yielded 800kg of lump charcoal. The cost involved in the pilot production: costs of 150 liters of water, labour and logistics was ₦7,350 ($36.75). The market worth of 50kg of charcoal produced at the time was ₦16,800 ($84). This study was able to add value to tree residues generated in UI campus using earth mound method for charcoal yield of about 67% without disturbance to the environment.