Community Participation and Service Delivery in Local Government of Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The study sought to establish a relationship between community participation and service delivery in local government particularly Bosaso in Puntland state of Somalia. The study objectives were; the extent of community participation in the service delivery programs in Bosaso, the trend of service delivery in local government under community participation in Bosaso and the relationship between community participation and service delivery in Bosaso. In the problem statement the service delivery in Bosaso was still relatively poor because a limited number of stakeholders including public and private sectors and local and international bodies are involved in the service provision within the local government retain. Because of lack of community participation in various projects such as education, health, power supply, water, etc, little if any, has been distributed to rural areas in Bosaso. A cross sectional survey was used in the course of the study. Both qualitative and quantitative data was gathered in order to establish the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, so as to examine the role played by community participation in service delivery in local government. The study comprised of 240 as a target population where by 150 respondents were sampled and these were; 5 Resident district commissioner, 1 City mayor, 31 Teachers, 25 Police officers, 25community leaders and 63 students. Simple random approach was used during the study. Purposive sampling was also used to select only respondents for the researcher to attain the purpose of the study. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources using questionnaires and interviews. After collecting data, the researcher organized well-answered questionnaire, data was edited and sorted for the next stage. The data was presented in tabular form with frequencies and percentages. The researcher used Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the relationship between the variables under study. It was concluded that lack of community participation in local government led to poor service delivery in Bosaso. It was further noted that there was poor direct service provision to communities, poor involvement of communities with service providers led to poor service delivery in Local government. It was recommended that Local officials through cooperation should increase people's productivity and access to capital, and give them better access to administrative staff. It was recommend that community participation, increasing transparency and service delivery improvement should be the key issues to deal with this assumed legitimacy problem and thus transparency at the local level should be also be enhanced through score cards for public services. IX

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION A ................................................................................................................. i

DECLARATION B ....................................................................................................... ii

DEDICATION ..................................................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT iv

CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................. 1

1.0. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1

1.1. Background to the Study ............................................................................................ 1

1.1.1 Historical Perspective ................................................................................................ 1

1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective .............................................................................................. 6

1.1.3 Conceptual Perspective ............................................................................................ 7

1.1.4 Contextual Perspective ............................................................................................. 9

1.3 Purpose of the Study ......................................................................................... 11

1.4 Objectives of the Study ..................................................................................... 11

1.4.1 General Objective ....................................................................................... 11

1.4.2 Specific Objectives ...................................................................................... 12

1.6 Research Hypothesis ...................................................................................... 12

1. 7 Scope of the Study ........................................................................................ 12

1.7.1 Theoretical scope ........................................................................................... 12

1.7.2 Geographical Scope .................................................................................... 13

1. 7.4 Time Scope ................................................................................................ 14

1.8 Significance of the Study ................................................................................ 14

1. 9 Operational definitions of key terms ................................................................... 14

CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................. 16

LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................................... 16

2.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 16

2.1 Theoretical Review ............................................................................................ 16

2.2 Conceptual Framework showing independent and dependent variables ................ 17

2.3 Related studies ................................................................................................. 20

2.4 Summary of gaps identified in the literature review ............................................. 28

CHAPTER THREE .............................................................................................. 29

METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 29

3.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 29

3.1 Research design ................................................................................................ 29

3.2 Study population ............................................................................................... 29

3.3 Sample size using sloven's formula ..................................................................... 30

3.4 Sampling methods ............................................................................................ 31

3.4.1 Purposive sampling ........................................................................................ 31

3.4.2 Simple Random sampling ................................................................................ 31

3.5 Data Sources ..................................................................................................... 32

3.6 Data collection instruments ................................................................................ 32

3.6.1 Questionnaire ................................................................................................. 32

3.6.2 Interviews ...................................................................................................... 32

3.7 Validity and reliability of the instrument.. ............................................................ 33

3. 7.1 Validity .......................................................................................................... 33

3. 7.2 Reliability ....................................................................................................... 34

3.8 Data gathering procedure .................................................................................. 35

3. 9 Data Processing ................................................................................................ 35

3.10 Data analysis .................................................................................................. 36

3.11 Ethical Consideration ....................................................................................... 37

3.12 Limitations and problems encountered ............................................................. 38

CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................... 39

DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS ............................ 39

4. 0 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 39

CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................. 52

FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................. 52

5.1 Summary of findings and discussions ................................................................. 52

5.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 54

5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................. 54

5.4 Areas of further research ................................................................................... 56

REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 57

Appendix IA - Research Instrument ............................................................................ i

Appendix 1 B: Interview Guide .................................................................................. v

APPENDIX II: Clearance From Ethics Committee ........................................................ vi

APPENDIX III: Time Frame ...................................................................................... viii

APPENDIX IV: Proposed Budget. ............................................................................... ix

RESEARCHER'S CURRICULUM VITAE ......................................................................... x