Abstract/Overview The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1974 to ensure that all children in all countries benefited from a universal access to life-saving vaccines. The diseases targeted by the EPI are diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenza type b and pneumonia. These diseases are among the leading causes of high childhood morbidity and mortality in Kenya and they remain a major public health pro...
Abstract/Overview Language is the chief means by which human personality expresses itself and fulfills its social interaction with other people. Good language usage, appreciation and development are important for social interaction, functional literacy and in the work place. With the increasing population and rapid development of science and technology, literature on various cultures and nationalities, are the finding that the social environment affects Kiswahili performance. A predominant t...
Abstract/Overview Community Based Organizations (CBOs) refer to private non-profit organizations, existing as a group in a particular community with the feelings of sharing, belonging and joint use of resources in order to achieve a particular objective. CBOs playa very critical role in filling the gaps faced by the Government in its endeavor to provide critical services to the community. There is still no clear information on the role of CBOs and the nature of their activities and how those...
Abstract/Overview Cash transfer program for older persons in Kenya started in 2007; the program is nationwide and is currently covering over 58,600 older persons aged over 65 years old. Without a reliable data concerning the effectiveness of the program, chances were high that it might fail to convince stakeholders to support it in future. This study intended to evaluate the effects of cash transfer on social networks of older persons in Ndhiwa District in Homa-Bay County. Specific objective...
Abstract/Overview Abstract HIY/AIDS pandemic has far-reaching social, economic, health and population effects. In addition to the harms directly inflicted on HIV -infected individuals and the households in which they live, AIDS has had indirect effects that are nevertheless real and substantial on communities and the whole of society. According to UNAIDS (2013), over 1700 children become infected with HIV worldwide each day with over 95% of them getting it through mother-to-child transmissio...
Abstract/Overview ABSTRACT More than 80% of the world's population in rural areas currently has no access to improved safe water supplies. The Kenya Census of 2009, indicates that, more than 35.4% of Kenyan households depend on point sources (springs, wells, boreholes) while around 63.1% of rural population is relying on untreated (unsafe) water. These high figures occur yet water is recognized in the water Act 2002 and the constitution of Kenya 20 I0 as a fundamental human right. In an atte...
Abstract/Overview ABSTRACT Reforms in the Provincial Administration have been very critical for the sound development of Kenya. Assistant Chiefs operated under the Chief's Act which vested undue powers on them. These powers were either detrimental to the people in terms offreedom of speech or was positive towards the development of the community. Coordination of government activities as well as maintenance of law and order at the community level made the Assistant Chiefs very powerful. Denyi...
Abstract/Overview ABSTRACT Land is the most coveted and jealously guarded resource for Socio-economic development among Kenyan rural households. Most artisanal gold miners are from socially and economically marginalized communities, and turn to mining in order to escape extreme poverty, unemployment and landlessness. Sometime the gold is present but very tiny or should we say in low and unexpected quantities especially when you look at the depth of the mines. The Knowledge Gap that the study...
Abstract/Overview ABSTRACT [he notion of children as rights-bearers emerged in response to the vulnerability of children seen so starkly during the First World War. "Children have a set of human rights specific to them because the general thrust behind national and international action on behalf of the children is the moral and legal ecognition of their emotional, physical, psychological vulnerability their need for special care and recognition of the obligation to respect for their rights i...
Abstract/Overview Two decades of experience and research provide new insights into the role of condoms for AIDS prevention in the developing world. Condoms are about 90 percent effective for preventing HIV transmission, and their use has grown rapidly in many countries. Condoms have produced substantial benefit in countries like Kenya, where both transmission and the burden of disease are concentrated among the general population. Yet, the factors that influence condom use in a setting with ...
Abstract/Overview The provtsion of safe water and sanitation in schools is fundamental to realizing national commitments on "basic education for all" by the year 2015. Children with poor health have deprived learning ability and this influences their prospects in life. A study by Protos (2005), for instance, shows that children with worm infections have higher school absenteeism than noninfected children. Ideally, this means that children with worm infections spend less time in school and ar...