Research Papers/Topics in Civil Engineering

Effects of blast furnace slag on chloride permeability of concrete cured at elevated temperatures

ABSTRACT Concrete made from ordinary Portland cement continues to be used as the main construction materials because of its durability and strength characteristics in service life. But the contrary becomes the case when such concrete is exposed to aggressive environment created by the prevalence of chloride ions that are common in marine/coastal environment characterized by temperature extremes, that is peculiar to Nigeria. Hot marine and coastal environment, constitute an aggressive environm...

Environmental Benefits of the Structural Use of Pulverised Bone in the Production of Foamed Aerated Concrete

Abstract Disposal of wastes resulting from myriads of human activities continues to be a problem especially in developing nations, where effective and efficient wastes disposal system is lacking. This paper presents the result of the study conducted to investigate the environmental benefits of using pulverized bone - obtained from bones generated as waste from abattoirs and slaughter slabs - in the production of structural foamed aerated concrete. Some of the properties investigated into are ...

Low-Cost Construction through the Use of Pulverized Bone Foamed Aerated Concrete (PB-FAC)

Abstract Provision of affordable housing especially for low-income earners, which forms the majority of the population, continues to be elusive in the nations of world. The major reason given for this is the high cost of building and construction materials. Concrete and concrete products constitute the major building construction materials. However, cement which is the main binder in concrete production has been identified as the major contributor to increasing high cost of construction. This...

28-Day Strength Predicting Model for Foamed Aerated Concrete Containing Pulverized Bone as a Partial Replacement of Cement

Abstract: This paper presents the results of a mathematical model developed for predicting the 28-day compressive strength of foamed aerated concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement for the purpose of quality controls. Strength-porosity relation was used as a basis for the development of the model, and the Bisection Methods of Numerical analysis was used to evaluate the inherent constants. For all the percentages of cement replacement with pulverised bone, the exp...

A COMPARISON OF BOND PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH REINFORCEMENTS FROM DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS

ABSTRACT The transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the surrounding concrete. This interfacial bond strength between steel and the surrounding concrete is an important factor influencing the strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure. This paper presents the result of investigation conducted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm and 16 mm diameter steel specimens fr...

SUITABILITY OF POLYVINYL WASTE POWDER AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR CEMENT IN CONCRETE PRODUCTION

ABSTRACT This work presents the results of investigation conducted to assess the suitability of polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) as partial replacement of cement in the production of concrete. Up to 50% by weight of cement was replaced with PWP at interval of 10%. The parameters investigated are: the chemical composition of polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) and the setting times of cement-polyvinyl paste. Also investigated in concrete containing polyvinyl powder were: workability, density, compressive...

Flexural Performance of Bamboo Reinforced Foamed Aerated Concrete Beams With and Without Compression Reinforcement

AbstractThe results of investigation conducted to evaluate the flexural performance of foamed aerated concrete beams with bamboo splints as tensile reinforcement, but with and without shear links are reported in this paper. The properties assessed are: density, compressive strength, crack pattern, deflection, and failure and moments. Foamed aerated concrete, having a cement-sand ratio of 1:3 was prepared. For foam generation, foaming agent and water in the ratio of 1:33 was prepared. A total ...

Cost-Effective Design of Structural Elements through the Process of Structural Optimization

Abstract In the design of structural elements, there is usually more than one feasible and equally safe solution, even though not all of them may be cost-effective. Obtaining the cost-effective design out of the numerous designs is tedious, cumbersome and time-consuming. This work present the result of optimization process of a structural element carried out by using the numerical features of the Excel software. In the optimizing process, cost effectiveness in terms of area reinforcement and ...

Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Containing Polyvinyl Waste Powder (PWP) as Replacement of Cement

ABSTRACT The flexural performance of reinforced concrete beam specimens with polyvinyl waste powder (PWP) as partial replacement of cement is reported in this paper. Cement was replaced with PWP up to 50% by weight at intervals of 10%. The flexural parameters investigated were: the failure patterns, load-deflection characteristics, stiffness, and ultimate moments. The reinforced beam specimens used were 150 x 150 x 1000 mm, and tests were done at the curing age of 28 days. The results showed ...

Effect of Foam Concentration on Structural Characteristics of Steel Reinforced Aerated Concrete Beams

ABSTRACT This work presents the results of investigation conducted to evaluate the effect of foam concentration on the structural properties of steel- reinforced foamed aerated concrete beams. The properties investigated were the density, compressive strength, shear strength, and flexural strength. Relationships between compressive strengths and densities were developed, as well as comparison between the compressive strengths and the shear strengths. The foam concentrate/water ratios adopted ...

Flexural performance of foam concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement

Abstract: This paper presents the results of a study conducted to investigate the flexural behaviour of foam concrete containing pulverised bone as partial replacement of cement. A total of sixty reinforced beams (150×150×750 mm) were used to investigate the flexural behaviour of the specimens. For reinforcement of the beams, hot-rolled, deformed 10-mm-diameter bars with yield and ultimate stresses of 478.10 N/mm2 and 710.81 N/mm2 respectively were used. The cement constituent of the mix wa...

A REVIEW AND INVESTIGATIONS OF SOME PROPERTIES OF FOAMED AERATED CONCRETE

Abstract The paper presents the results of investigation conducted on foamed aerated concrete – a lightweight concrete - with a view to determining its potential as a construction material in Nigeria. The properties investigated on foamed aerated concrete having a designed density of 1600kg/m3 were: workability, density, compressive strength, tensile strength, and the water absorption capacity. The results showed that at the designed density adopted for this work, the material was workable ...

EFFECTS OF PALM KERNEL SHELL ASH ON SOME STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES

Abstract: This paper presents the results of an investigation conducted to determine some structural properties of concrete made with recycled coarse aggregates but containing (PKSA) as partial replacement of cement by weight. Cement was replaced with palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) up to 50% by weight at interval of 5% to produce the concrete used in the investigation. The properties investigated were: setting times, workability, compressive strength, and tensile strength. The results showed th...

Instability Analysis of Damaged Pile Due to Static or Dynamic Overload

ABSTRACT Instability of a damaged pile due to a statically or dynamically applied overload is studied in this work using the finite element method. A damage parameter from such a pile is calculated using fracture mechanics concepts. The parameter is used to modify the beam element at the cracked or damaged location. Soil samples were obtained from the site of the pile and were subjected to laboratory tri-axial tests to obtain shear strength parameters c and  . Other soil parameters s...

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRENGTH OF TRUSS REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM AND CONVENTIONAL REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM

ABSTRACT This work presents comparative study of strength of truss reinforced concrete beam and conventional reinforced concrete beam. Two sets of 0.15 x 0.15 x 1m beams were cast. One set was cast using truss as a system of reinforcement at spacing of 100mm, 150mm and 200mm. The other set was cast using longitudinal bars and links at spacing of 100mm, 150mm, and 200mm as the conventional reinforcement. In all 27 truss and 27 conventional reinforcement beams were cast. Three mix ratios we...


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