From Bantustanisation To Decentralisation: A Comparative Study Of Sub-National Governance In Namibia

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate both the pre and post independence local governance framework and structures. The study will thus, highlight the political, developmental and philosophical differences between the post-independent policy of decentralisation in Namibia and the pre-independence policy of Bantustans. This will be realised by evaluating public perceptions on decentralisation vis-à-vis Bantustans; as well as by investigating the general impact of associating or equating the policy of decentralisation to that of Bantustans, on the implementation and realisation of the former. It is a well-known fact that the motivations for pursuing decentralisation differ from one country to another. Likewise, people and countries define decentralisation differently and connote different things to them. To that end, decentralisation in Namibia entails the process of delegation and devolution of functions, powers, responsibilities and resources from central government to regional councils and local authorities within the framework of a unitary state. Its implementation is guided by the principle that functions follow funds and personnel. The motivation for decentralisation in Namibia is two fold, namely, (a) the government’s willingness to democratise and remedy the un-democratic and discriminatory historical form of governance before independence and (b) decentralisation is primarily seen as an instrument or tool to promote and guarantee democracy and sustainable development.