Abstract
 
 
 
 
This work is a linguistic study of Nigerian musical artistes, especially
 of the Hip Hop genre. The study shows that the artistes skillfully use language
 alternation strategies to enhance the aesthetic and rhetorical qualities of
 their music. It is revealed in the study that the language alternation patterns
 involve major Nigerian languages and English, and, they interact with elements
 of the lyrical structure, namely, the lines, rhymes and stanzas to enhance the
 musical qualities of the artistes‟ works. Language alternations have other
 connotations as they also bear the qualities of identifying the artistes‟
 linguistic identity and preferences. It also has semantic significance as when
 some lexical items are used to highlight code switching occurrences like
 contrastive and expressive code switching as well as reformulations and
 repetitions. It is also used to achieve a greater audience/participant
 constellation and greater understanding of the discourse/message of the song. 
 
 
 
 
Key Words: Hip Hop; Language Alternation; Code
 Switching; Text; Context. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER ONE
 
 
INTRODUCION
 
 
 
 
1.1 Background of he Study
 
 
1.2 Statemen of the Problem
 
 
1.3 Significant of the Problem
 
 
CHAPTER TWO
 
 
LITERATURE REVIEW
 
 
 
 
2.1 CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE
 
 
2.1.1 The Concept of Hip Hop
 
 
2.1.2 Popular Music, Language,
 Culture and the Issue of Identity 
 
 
2.1.3 Background to the Text and
 Context of Nigerian Hip Hop 
 
 
2.2
 Theoretical Framework 
 
 
CHAPTER THREE
 
 
AN
 INTRODUCTION TO NIGERIA AND ETHNO IDENTIY 
 
 
 
 
3.1
 Nigeria: A Short Profile 
 
 
3:2.1 Nigeria:
 The People and Languages 
 
 
3:2.3
 Politics and Governance 
 
 
3:2.4
 Musical Practices 
 
 
3:2.5
 Diversity and Similarity 
 
 
3.2
 Hip Hop, ‘The Street’ and The Nigerian Experience 
 
 
3.3
 ‘The Street’ and Hip Hop 
 
 
3.2.1
 ‘The Street’ and Hip Hop in the Nigerian Context 
 
 
CHAPTER FOUR
 
 
LANGUAGE ALTERNATION STRATEGIES IN
 NIGERIAN HIP HOP
 
 
4.1 Data Analysis
 
 
            4.1.1
 Reformulations 
 
 
4.1.2 Code Switching Intended for the
 Audience 
 
 
4.1.3 Expressive Code Switching
 
 
4.2 Code switching to select a new
 audience 
 
 
4.2.1 Contrastive Code Switching
 
 
4.2.2
 Repetitions 
 
 
4.2.3 Code Switching with Rhyming
 Function 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER FIVE
 
 
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 
 
reference
Research, A. (2018). Language and ethno identity in Nigerian Hip hop. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/language-and-ethno-identity-in-nigerian-hip-hop-8261
Research, Afri "Language and ethno identity in Nigerian Hip hop" Afribary. Afribary, 29 Jan. 2018, https://afribary.com/works/language-and-ethno-identity-in-nigerian-hip-hop-8261. Accessed 04 Nov. 2025.
Research, Afri . "Language and ethno identity in Nigerian Hip hop". Afribary, Afribary, 29 Jan. 2018. Web. 04 Nov. 2025. < https://afribary.com/works/language-and-ethno-identity-in-nigerian-hip-hop-8261 >.
Research, Afri . "Language and ethno identity in Nigerian Hip hop" Afribary (2018). Accessed November 04, 2025. https://afribary.com/works/language-and-ethno-identity-in-nigerian-hip-hop-8261