Local Governance and Peace Building in Mogadishu, Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The study sought to examine local governance and peace building in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study objectives were; to examine the relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building, to examine the relationship between accountability in local governance and peace building and to examine the relationship between political will in local governance and peace building in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study was based on peace building theory developed by Schellenberg H.J in 1996. Effectively making a successful peace building theory requires a keen distinction between what the goals of a peace building theory are, and the peace building process itself. While some peace building designs are heavily theoretical with a focus on the international system, others focus too closely on what peace building actors can actually do, but experience problems with repeating previous failures. The study was based on a correlational research. The researcher used the design because it allowed the researcher to accumulate more facts than experiments on the study. The study population was 260 respondents and these included; 25 selected Members of Parliament from Mogadishu, 115 civil society organizations officials, 20 Mogadishu top administrators and 100 local community members. The sample size of the population in this study consisted of 158 respondents and was calculated using the Sloven’s formula. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources using questionnaires and interviews. The study findings revealed that the average mean for the relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building in Mogadishu, Somalia was 3.39 which is equivalent to very high. This implies that there is a close relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building. The study concluded that local authorities should recognize what are their favorite components in a peace process, however ought to be capable to draw close the many complexities of politics at the country wide level. The study recommended that local governance leaders need to be able to implement the broad terms of peace accords to which they are a party.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION..................................................................................................... ii

APPROVAL ...........................................................................................................iii

DEDICATION................................................................................................... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................... vi

LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ ACRONYMS .............................................................xi

ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................xii

CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1

1.0 Introduction...................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Historical Perspective...................................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective ................................................................................... 2

1.1.3 Conceptual Perspective ................................................................................... 2

1.1.4 Contextual Perspective.................................................................................... 4

1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................................. 4

1.3 Purpose of the Study......................................................................................... 5

1.5 Research Questions........................................................................................... 6

1.6 Scope of the Study............................................................................................ 6

1.6.1 Geographical Scope ........................................................................................ 6

1.6.1 Content Scope ............................................................................................... 6

1.6.3 Time Scope.................................................................................................... 7

1.7 Significance of the Study ................................................................................... 7

1.8 Operational Definitions of key terms ................................................................... 8

CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................... 9

LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................... 9

2.0 Introduction...................................................................................................... 9

2.1Theoretical Review............................................................................................. 9

2.2 Conceptual review............................................................................................. 9

2.3 Related literature ............................................................................................ 11

2.3.1 Relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building....... 11

2.3.2 Relationship between accountability in local governance and peace building...... 20

2.3.3 Relationship between political will in local governance and peace building......... 28

2.5 Gaps in Literature ........................................................................................... 31

CHAPTER THREE............................................................................................ 32

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................................................... 32

3.0 Introduction.................................................................................................... 32

3.1 Research Design ............................................................................................. 32

3.2 Study Population............................................................................................. 32

3.3 Sample Size.................................................................................................... 33

3.4 Sampling Selection Techniques and Procedure................................................... 33

3.5 Data sources................................................................................................... 34

3.6 Data Collection instruments ............................................................................. 35

3.6.1 Questionnaires ............................................................................................. 35

3.6.2 Interview Guide............................................................................................ 35

3.7 Pre-testing Validity and Reliability of Instruments............................................... 36

3.7.1. Validity ....................................................................................................... 36

3.7.2 Reliability..................................................................................................... 36

3.8 Data Collection Procedures .............................................................................. 37

3.9 Data analysis .................................................................................................. 38

3.10 Ethical considerations .................................................................................... 38

3.11 Limitations of the study ................................................................................. 39

CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................. 40

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION............................. 40

4.0 Introduction................................................................................................. 40

4.1 Response rate................................................................................................. 40

4.1 Demographic characteristics of the respondents ............................................. 41

4.2 Relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building in Mogadishu, Somalia ......................... 42

4.3 Relationship between accountability in local governance and peace building ..... 45

4.4 Relationship between political will in local governance and peace building ........ 47

CHAPTER FIVE ............................................................................................... 53

SUMMARY, DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS..................................................................................... 53

5.0 Introduction.................................................................................................... 53

5.1 Summary of findings ....................................................................................... 53

5.2 Discussion of findings ...................................................................................... 54

5.2.1 Demographic characteristics of the respondents.............................................. 54

5.2.2 Relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building in Mogadishu, Somalia ....................... 54

5.2.3 Relationship between accountability in local governance and peace building...... 55

5.2.4 Relationship between political will in local governance and peace building......... 55

5.3 Contributions to the existing knowledge............................................................ 56

5.4 Conclusions .................................................................................................... 56

5.4.1 Relationship between transparency in local governance and peace building....... 56

5.4.2 Relationship between accountability in local governance and peace building...... 57

5.3.3 Relationship between political will in local governance and peace building......... 57

5.5 Recommendations........................................................................................... 57

5.6 Areas of further research ................................................................................. 58

REFERENCES.................................................................................................. 59

APPENDICES.................................................................................................. 62

Appendix I: Questionnaire for Politicians, Civil society officials and Local Peasants ..... 62

Appendix II: Interview Guide for Mogadishu Local government officials..................... 66