Advocating output criteria based scientific and research methodologies: Why the reliability of scientific and research methods must be measured based on output criteria and attributes

This is one of our several publications on research method and research methodology. In this paper, we support the idea of a structured and formal approach to scientific research. However, there may be many different exceptions to this as all types of research problems may not lend themselves to research in the form of pre-determined steps. Thus, the first preference would be to follow a standard and a highly structured and formalized scientific method wherever this is possible. In case this is not possible, the second preference would be to follow a self or scholar defined scientific method, but the latter is usually equally rigorous as well, with pre-defined and pre-determined steps. The third and last preference: is to follow a free-form approach where the steps are not pre-defined to a high degree. In such as case, the researcher refines the method as the research evolves and progresses and the time goes by. However, we can only support a structured and a graduated approach to free-form method, and the reliability of output must also be always borne in mind. As such, this is expected to be a vastly superior approach to a completely free-form method, and could lead to a vastly superior research output. The method followed must preferably be documented, but this may not always be possible or necessary. At the very least, the essential characteristics of good science such as objectivity, reliability, accuracy, comprehensiveness, rigour, and precision besides may others must be adhered to. We are aware that the quality of research output in developing countries is low. Therefore, this paper also keeps in mind our philosophy of the globalization of science, and the enhanced quality and quantity of scientific output in all contexts and situations.