The Contribution Of The World Bank In Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 In Ghana: A Case Study Of The Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) Project

ABSTRACT

United Nation member states adopted a 15-year plan ( 17 SDGs) in 2015 to eradicate poverty and make sustainable development a reality. SDG 6 (Universal access to water and sanitation) is one of the goals and the achievement of this objective is a significant challenge to developing nations as a result of the absence of political will, financial constraints, overpopulation, etc. World Bank has been a major contributor to this sector globally by funding projects to ensure access to water and sanitation. The study examined the World Bank GAMA project in Ghana which was implemented in 2013 and projected to end in 2020 and how it will help Ghana achieve SDG 6. To investigate this issue, qualitative research method was used in conducting the research with purposive sampling method. The conceptual framework of Human Security was used with emphasis on environmental security. Data for the study were obtained from primary sources through semi-structured interviews and from secondary data sources. The study found out that the project has put in place some mechanisms which have increased access to water and sanitation and improved the quality of life of the people with other secondary benefits such as health, economic, social, environmental benefits, among others. However, the project is faced with implementation challenges such as availability of land, human resource constraints, financial constraints, among others. The study recommends that all stakeholders must be engaged extensively, contractors with financial capacity should be employed, there should be a thorough assessment of the targeted areas and the implementing teams must be resourced efficiently while ensuring effective enforcement of sanitation laws and building codes.