Assessment Of Safety Culture For Occupational Radiation Protection In Medical Practices: A Case Study Of Parirenyatwa Group Of Hospitals, Harare, Zimbabwe

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents

APPROVAL FORM ............................................................................................................................... 2

DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................................ 3

DECLARATION .................................................................................................................................... 4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................... 5

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ 6

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................ 7

LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................. 10

LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................................... 11

................................................................................................................................... 12

................................................................................................................................ 12

1.1. Background to the Study ....................................................................................................... 12

1.2. Statement of the Problem ...................................................................................................... 15

1.3. Objectives of the Study ......................................................................................................... 16

1.3.1. General Objectives ........................................................................................................ 16

1.3.2. Specific Objectives ....................................................................................................... 16

1.4. Justification of the Study....................................................................................................... 16

1.5. Study Area ............................................................................................................................ 17

1.6. Conceptual Framework ......................................................................................................... 19

1.7. Limitations of the Study ........................................................................................................ 19

1.8. Organisation of the Study ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 21

LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 21

2.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 21

2.2. Radiation and Occupational Risk ............................................................................................... 21

2.3. Occupational Radiation Exposure effects .................................................................................. 22

2.4. Radiation Risk Management ...................................................................................................... 23

2.5. Organizational Culture ............................................................................................................... 24

2.6. Safety Culture ............................................................................................................................ 25

2.6.1. The Components of a Safety Culture .................................................................................. 26

2.6.2. Safety Sub-Cultures ............................................................................................................ 28

2.6.3. Safety Culture Characteristics and Attributes ............................................................... 30

2.7. Benefits of a Good Safety Culture ........................................................................................ 32

2.8. Methods for Evaluating Safety Cultures ............................................................................... 32

2.9. Summary ............................................................................................................................... 33

CHAPTER 3 -Research Methodology ............................................................................................... 34

3.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 34

3.2. Research Philosophy .................................................................................................................. 34

3.3. Research Design ......................................................................................................................... 35

3.4. Research Approach .................................................................................................................... 35

3.5. Research strategy ....................................................................................................................... 36

3.6. Study Population and Sampling Frame ...................................................................................... 36

3.6.1. Sampling ............................................................................................................................. 37

3.6.2. Sample Size and Distribution .............................................................................................. 38

3.7. Methods of Data Collection ....................................................................................................... 38

3.7.1. Questionnaire Survey .......................................................................................................... 39

3.7.2. Interviews ............................................................................................................................ 40

3.7.3. Observations ....................................................................................................................... 40

3.7.4. Secondary Data Sources ...................................................................................................... 40

3.8. Data Analysis and Presentation .................................................................................................. 40

3.9. Validity and Reliability .............................................................................................................. 41

3.10. Relevance ................................................................................................................................. 41

3.11. Ethical Consideration ............................................................................................................... 41

CHAPTER 4- PRESENTATION OF RESULTS ................................................................................. 42

4.1. Response Rate ............................................................................................................................ 42

4.2. Demographic, Educational and Employment Data Analysis ................................................ 43

4.2.1. Gender ........................................................................................................................... 43

4.2.2. Education Qualifications ............................................................................................... 43

4.2.3. Duration of Service ....................................................................................................... 44

4.3. Radiation Risk Management ................................................................................................. 45

4.3.1. Safety Induction ............................................................................................................ 45

4.3.2. Formal Radiation Safety Training ................................................................................. 47

4.3.3. Radiation Safety Briefings ............................................................................................ 48

4.3.4. Development and Implementation of the Radiation Protection Programme ................ 49

4.4. Leadership and Management for Radiation Safety ............................................................... 50

4.4.1. . Safety as an Overriding Priority .................................................................................. 51

4.4.2. Adherence to Safety Rules ............................................................................................ 52

4.4.3. Provision and Access to Radiation Safety Information ................................................ 53

4.4.4. Employee Confidence in Management’s ability to deal with Radiation Safety ............ 55

4.4.5. Management Responsiveness to identified Radiation Safety Concerns ....................... 57