ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL QUALITY OF WELL WATER OF ARAROMI AUTOMOBILE SPARE PART MARKET, AGODI, IBADAN.

This research work physico-chemical quality of well water within Araromi Automobile Spare Parts market Agodi, Ibadan. The research work assess the physico-chemical characteristics of thewell water sample collected in the study area and also identify analyze and compare the heavy metal concentration with national and international standards. The procedure adopted included observation, and the water sample was collected from seven hand dug well within the study area using 750ml water container and instruments such as standardized Pocket Thermometer, HANNA HI 83141 pH meter, HANNA HI 9828 High Powered Microcomputer Conductivity Meter, WAGTECH 7100 Microprocessor Turbidity Meter, APHA 1998, AAS (Spectra 220) Atomic Absorption Spectrometer were used. The analysis of the result shown that the physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, Total Dissolved Solids, conductivity, turbidity, nitrate, chloride and heavy metals such as mercury, iron, arsenic do not exceed the WHO guideline value of drinking water using R.33, t test and ANOVA to present it accordingly. Meanwhile parameter such as pH, total suspended solids, Lead and Cobalt exceed the WHO guideline value of drinking water. Water quality analysis was recommended to be carried out on all hand-dug wells and be disinfected at least once in a year by the appropriate authorized bodies such as the NESREA.  Other recommendations includes construction of drainage and sewer systems,  provision of cover to all wells, Employment of environmental health scientist to be saddled the responsibility  of routing monitoring of the water facilities, and provision  of  regulatory  guidance  and  recommended  pollution  prevention opportunities  to  help  mechanics to  handle  their  waste  in  cost-effective and environmentally sound ways.

Title page

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgement 

Table of contents

List of Tables

List of figures

Abstract

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background to the study

1.2 Statement of the problem

1.3 Significance of the study

1.4 Aim of the study

1.5 Objectives of the study

1.6 Purpose of study

1.7 Scope and limitation

1.8 Operational definition

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature review

2.1 Sources of water

2.1.1 Groundwater

2.1.2 Surface water

2.2 Water pollution                                                                                   

2.3 Sources of water pollution

2.3.1 Point sources

2.3.2 Non-point sources

2.4 Heavy metals

2.4.1 Beneficial heavy metals                                                                         

2.4.2 Toxic heavy metals                                                                              

2.4.3 Factors affecting the mobility of heavy metals in the environment

2.4.4 Effects of heavy metals in the environment                                               

2.4.5 Soil heavy metal pollution

2.4.6 Heavy metals in groundwater                                                                     

2.4.7 Natural sources of heavy metals in groundwater  

2.4.8 Anthropogenic sources of heavy metals in groundwater      

2.5. Heavy metals in drinking water and their impact on human health and the environment

2.5.1 Iron                                                                                            

2.5.2 Lead                                                                                            

2.5.3 Arsenic                                                                                         

2.5.4 Mercury                                                                                         

2.5.5 Cobalt                                                                                          

2.6 Physico-chemical parameters of water                                                         

2.6.1 Temperature                                                                                     

2.6.2 Ph                                                                                              

2.6.3 Turbidity                 

2.6.4 Conductivity                                                                                    

Chapter three     

3.0 Methodology      

3.1 Research design     

3.2 Study area    

3.3 Selection of sampling sites    

3.3.1 Sampling                                                      

3.4 Materials and methods for data collection                                                         

3.4.1 Temperature determination

3.4.2 Measurement of ph

3.4.3 Measurement of electrical conductivity (ec)

3.4.4 Measurement of turbidity

3.4.5 Total coliform count     

3.4.6 Determination of heavy metals (Hg, Fe, Pb, Ar, and Co)    

3.4.6a Digestion of samples     

3.6 Statistical analysis      

Chapter Four

4.0 Introduction

4.1 Physico-chemical characteristics of well water samples     

4.2 Heavy metals and concentration of the well water samples      

4.3 Coliform and e-coli presence in the well water samples      

4.4 Survey of sanitary conditions within the “Araromi   automobile spare parts market”

 

Chapter Five

5.0Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation     

5.1Physico-Chemical Parameters

5.1.2Heavy Metal Levels In Water Sources At “Araromi   Automobile Spare Part Market”

5.2Conclusion      

5.3Recommendations      

References       56

Table 4.1 Summary of physicochemical parameters

Table 4.2 Showing summary of nitrate and chloride

Table 4.3 Showing iron (Fe) summary

Table 4.4 Showing lead (Pb) summary

Table 4.5 Showing cobalt (Co) summary