Challenges Faced By Pre-School Teachers In Teaching Learners With Reading Difficulties In Mukuru Kwa Reuben Slum In Nairobi, Keny

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out in Primary Schools in Mukuru Kwa Reuben Slum in Nairobi

Kenya to find out the challenges encountered by pre-school teachers in teaching learners

with reading difficulties. The problems found to be responsible were lack of knowledge

in handling the this children especially those with special learning problems; they were

looked at as slow learners, lack of effective teaching, poor teaching methods, and lack of

specialized personnel, poor intervention measures, and high student- teacher ratio.

The researcher used survey research design. And the data was collected using

questionnaire to obtain information the review from the written materials and the

discussions with the respondents. The qualitative and quantitative methods were used to

analyze data. The most dominant informants were teachers, learners, head teachers, and

the community members, and the educational officers.

The researcher established among others that the challenges of teaching the pre-school

learners with reading difficulties were lack of resources. There was a close relationship

between teaching material and leaning recourses and the children’s ability to learn the

reading and writing. Despite the majority of the pointed out that they face problems in

teaching some of the slow learners, the researcher analyzed that they were not slow

learners but the number was always to large for the teachers to offer standard services.

The government should therefore see the need to help this special group they are to make

a better Kenya.

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

Declaration (i)

Dedication (ii)

Approval (iii)

Acknowledgement (iv)

List of Tables (v)

Table of Contents (vi)

Abstract (viii)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Background Information 1

1.1 Statement of the Problem 2

1.2 General Objective 3

1.3 Specific Objectives 3

1.4 Research Questions 3

1.5 Significance of the Study 4

1.6 Limitations 4

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURE

2.0 Introduction 5

2.1 General information on pre-school 5

2.2 Definition of reading s

2.3 Importance of reading 7

2.4 Children with reading difficulties 9

2.5 Factors that cause reading difficulties 9

2.6 Common Errors made by learners with

reading difficulties 11

2.7 Approaches of Teaching Reading to pre-school learners 11

vi

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.0 Research Approach 16

3.1 Research Design 16

3.2 Population 16

3.3 Sample 15

3.4 Sampling Procedure 15

3.5 Research Instruments 15

3.6 Procedure ofthe Study 16

3.7 Data Processing 16

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

4.0 Introduction 20

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.0 Summary 27

5.1 Recommendations 27

5.2 Conclusion 28

Reference 29

Appendices 30