ABSTRACT
This study investigated the civil strife in South Sudan from accounts of South Sudanese
refugees in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement and Provision of Social Services to South
Sudanese refugees in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda.
The study was guided by four research objectives which included: to explore refugee life
experience before the war; to evaluate refugees' perception of the causes of the civil war;
to find out nature and quality of social services provided to refugees in Kiryandongo; and
determine impact of refugees' influx on the provision social services in Kiryandongo.
The study was a qualitative research that employed a cross-sectional research design and
in addition to that utilized the case study design too. Kiryandongo refugee settlement was
chosen as the case study. The research methods involved using three tools of qualitative
analysis that is observations, interviews with refugee respondents and key-informants,
and focus group discussions to gather data. This was supplemented with literature review
of documents akin to UNHCR reports relevant to the research topic. The respondents
within the sample were chosen by means of non-probability methods like purposive
sampling so that only refugees in the settlement who were affected by the civil war were
picked. The study findings showed that in fact the conflict in South Sudan from 15
December 2013 was due to political dynamics and ethnicity was a consequence rather
than a cause of the conflict. The provision of social services declined and some sectors
improved thereafter such as WASH where available water levels declined and improved
between December 2013 to April 2014; in education primary school classrooms were
overcrowded with teacher to pupil ratio being 1 :88 and never improved; health sector
was challenged with medicine supply being insufficient also medical personnel being
under staffed: land provided for residential and agricultural purpose was not impacted
negatively by surge in influx. Overall the study discerned that the influx of new arrivals
didn't hinder operations of providing social services even in the event that more arrivals
would come. On the other hand, the study found out that there is a need to step-up the
efforts of providing social services so that all sectors, from ailing ones like education and
health to stabilized ones like WASH, can be upto perfect standards. Generally, the study
can state that the provision of social services to refugee in the settlement was impacted
negatively by the civil war in South Sudan but the services provided enabled the refugees
to live a life without abuse of their human rights regardless of the hardship experienced.
The study recommends that civil strife be mediated to a halt to alleviate the strain in
social services provision being endured by humanitarian organizations in Kiryandongo
settlement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ...................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ............................................................................................................................. ii
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................ iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. ·········· V
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ viii
ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1
1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Historical Perspective ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective ..................................................................................................... 2
1.1.3 Conceptual Perspective ..................................................................................................... 4
1.1.4 Contextual Perspective ..................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Statement of the Problem ..................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................ 8
1.4 Research Objectives ............................................................................................................. 8
1.4.1 General Objectives ............................................................................................................ 8
1.4.2 Specific Objectives ........................................................................................................... 8
1.4.3 Research Questions ........................................................................................................... 8
l .5Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................ 8
1.5.1 Geographical Scope .......................................................................................................... 8
l .5.2Content Scope .................................................................................................................... 9
1.5.3 Time Scope ....................................................................................................................... 9
1.6 Significance of the Study ................................................................................................... 10
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................... 11
2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 11
2.1 Theoretical Review ............................................................................................................ 11
2.1.1 Theory of Human Needs ................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Civil Strife ........................................................................................................................ 12
2.3 Service Provision to Refugees in the Face of Civil Strife ................................................. 16
V
2.4 Summary of Gap Identified .............................................................................................. 22
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ........................................................................... 23
3.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 23
3.1 R.esearch Design ................................................................................................................ 23
3.2 Study Area ......................................................................................................................... 24
3.3 R.esearch Methods .............................................................................................................. 24
3.4 San1pling Procedure .......................................................................................................... 27
3.4.1 Research Population ....................................................................................................... 27
3.4.2 San1ple Size .................................................................................................................... 27
3.5 Validity and Reliability of the Results ............................................................................... 28
3.6 I)ata Gathering Procedure .................................................................................................. 28
3.7 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 29
3.9 Li1nitations of the Study .................................................................................................... 30
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA, PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
OF FINDINGS ....................................................................................................................... 3 l
4.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 31
4.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents ................................................... 31
4.l.l Jge .................................................................................................................................. 31
4.1.2 (;ender ............................................................................................................................. 32
4.1.3 Marital Status .................................................................................................................. 33
4.1.4 Education Level .............................................................................................................. 33
4.2 Presentation of the findings ............................................................................................... 34
4.3 Findings ............................................................................................................................. 34
4.3.1 Refugee Life Experience before the Civil Strife ............................................................ 34
4 .3 .2 Refugee Perception of the Cause of the War. ................................................................. 3 8
4.3.3 Social Services Provided in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement.. .................................... 40
4.3.4 Impact of Refugee Influx on Provision of Social Services ............................................. Ll2
4.4 I)iscussions ........................................................................................................................ 50
4.4.1 Cause of the Civil War ................................................................................................... 50
4.4.2 Impact on Social Services Provision to Refugees due to the Influx ............................... 55
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................ 6L1
5.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 64
vi
5. I Conclusion ...... ...................................... ................................................................ ............. 64
5.2 Recommendations ................................................... ........ ............................. ................. ..... 65
5.2. l Mitigating the civil strife ..................................................... ...... .... .......... ..... .. ................ 65
5.2.2 Social Services Provided ................ ............................................... .. ......... .... ........... ....... 65
5.3 Areas of Further Research ..... .. .... ... .......... ............ .. .. .. ........... .. ........ ................ ...... ... ...... ... 67
REFER.ENCES ........................ ................................................ .. ... ...... ...... ......... ..... ..... .. ... .... . 68
APPENDIX I : INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR THE RESPONDENTS .... ... .. .... ........ ........... 74
APPENDIX II: AN INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
FROM DISTRICT LEVEL, OPM OI1'FICIALS, UNHCR REPRESENTATIVES,
AND LOCAL COMMUNITY REPRESENTATIVES ............................................ .. .. ...... 79
APPENDIX III: BUDGET .. .... ....... .......... .... ... .. .................................................................... 84
APPENDIX IV: RECOMMENDATION LETTERS .. .. ... ....... ...... .. .. .... .................................. 86
APPENDIX V: ACCEPTANCE LETTER ............................................................. .. .... .......... 87
HASSAN, M (2022). Civil Strife In South Sudan And Experiences Of Refugees In Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/civil-strife-in-south-sudan-and-experiences-of-refugees-in-kiryandongo-refugee-settlement-kiryandongo-district-uganda
HASSAN, MUSA "Civil Strife In South Sudan And Experiences Of Refugees In Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda" Afribary. Afribary, 06 Oct. 2022, https://afribary.com/works/civil-strife-in-south-sudan-and-experiences-of-refugees-in-kiryandongo-refugee-settlement-kiryandongo-district-uganda. Accessed 07 Sep. 2024.
HASSAN, MUSA . "Civil Strife In South Sudan And Experiences Of Refugees In Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda". Afribary, Afribary, 06 Oct. 2022. Web. 07 Sep. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/civil-strife-in-south-sudan-and-experiences-of-refugees-in-kiryandongo-refugee-settlement-kiryandongo-district-uganda >.
HASSAN, MUSA . "Civil Strife In South Sudan And Experiences Of Refugees In Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda" Afribary (2022). Accessed September 07, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/civil-strife-in-south-sudan-and-experiences-of-refugees-in-kiryandongo-refugee-settlement-kiryandongo-district-uganda