Research Papers/Topics in Animal Breeding And Genetics
Variation of meat-type chickens in relation to genotypes and age of slaughter on carcass indices.
The experiment was conducted to compare the various carcass characteristics between two broiler strains. A total bird of 150 day-old chick of two commercial broiler strains (Marshall and Cobb, 75 each) were raised and at the end of 4, 6 and 8 weeks, 20 birds/strain; 40 birds/week, making a total of 120 birds were randomly selected from both strains for carcass analysis. The birds were starved of feed overnight and individually weighed to obtain starved live body weight. Th...
Variants mining of Kappa casein K-CN and Prolactin PRL genes among four indigenous cattle breeds in Nigeria
The study determined the allele and genotype frequencies of genetic variants in two genes associated with milk production traits in four indigenous cattle breeds (N’dama, White Fulani, Muturu and Keteku) in Nigeria. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to detect genetic polymorphisms in two milk genes (kappa casein (K-CN) and Prolactin (PRL)). Three genetic variants (AA, AB and BB) of K-CN gene were detected in White Fulani and Mut...
ASSOCIATON OF KAPPA-CASEIN GENOTYPE AND THE LINEAR PARAMETER IN TWO INDIGENIOUS BOS INDICUS AND BOS TAURUS CATTLE IN NIGERIA
Kappa-casein as a mammalian milk protein is involved in a several important physiological processes and it’s about 80% of the total protein in cow milk. This study aimed at genotyping bovine Kappa casein(CSN3) in two indigenous Nigerian cattle populations and to determine the frequency distribution of Kappa casein variants as detected across the animals examined and their association with the body measurement. DNA was extracted from 100 blood samples of 50 White Fulani and 50...
Effects of Age and Management System on Egg Quality Traits of Fulani Ecotype Hens
The study was carried out to determine the effect of age and management system on egg quality traits of Fulani ecotype hens. Egg quality traits were measured at 20, 22 and 24 weeks of age from 45 Fulani ecotype hens reared in the cage and deep litter system of management. However, 50 to 70 eggs were utilized at different ages. Data were collected on Egg weight (EW), Egg length (EL), Egg width (EWD), Shell weight (SW), Shell thickness (ST), Yolk weight (YW), Yolk width (YWD), Yo...
Transcriptome profiling of four candidate milk genes in milk and tissue samples of temperate and tropical cattle
The expression of four genes involved in milk regulation and production in bovine milk and tissue samples profiled using quantitative PCR to identify differential gene expression. Our goal focussed on the differential mRNA expression of milk genes (K-CN, PRL, BLG and PIT-1) in milk samples and different tissues from four different breeds of ecologically adapted and geographically separated cattle species. The mRNA expression identified the four milk genes understudied most upregulat...
Genotype and sex effects on the performance characteristics of pigs
Data from fifty-four pigs: twenty-five Duroc, twenty-one Large White and eight crosses of Duroc and Large White (Hybrid) were used to quantify and mathematically describe the performance traits of pigs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of genotype, sex and their interaction on the performance characteristics of three pig genotypes. The pigs were 30 kg of body weight and 70 days of age at the beginning of the study. Records for body weight (BW), body len...
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DETECTION OF QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI: CHICKEN EGG AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS
This book provides research findings of the study conducted with the aim of revealing genetic loci influencing egg production traits in crosses between the chicken inbred lines New Hampshire and White Leghorn which were kept at the animal experimental station of Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Germany. Besides providing the quantitative trait loci (QTL) information, the performance of the parental lines for various production and reproductive traits were well described. The book is...
Quantitative Trait Loci Segregating in Crosses Between New Hampshire and White Leghorn Chicken Lines: Egg Production Traits
A genome scan was performed to detect chromosomal regions that affect egg production traits in reciprocal crosses between two genetically and phenotypically extreme chicken lines: the partially inbred line New Hampshire (NHI) and the inbred line White Leghorn (WL77). The NHI line had been selected for high growth and WL77 for low egg weight before inbreeding. The result showed a highly significant region on chromosome 4 with multiple QTL for egg production traits between 19.2 and 82.1 Mb. Th...
Phenotypic Characterization of Chicken Inbred Lines that Differ Extremely in Growth, Body Composition and Egg Production Traits
The development of phenotypically and genetically divergent inbred chicken lines as simplified genetic models facilitates the identification of genes and contributes to the elucidation of gene functions. In this study, we characterized a New Hampshire (NH) population with its partial inbred derivative, New Hampshire inbred (NHI), and a White Leghorn inbred line (WL77). Both NHI and WL77 lines were inbred after selection for high meat yield or low egg weight, respectively. The inbreeding level...
Healing Effect of Faldherbia albida stem bark extract (FASB) on burn wound regarding tissue regeneration in Wistar albino rats
ABSTRACT A study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of Faldherbia albida stem bark extract (FASB) contained in liposome gel at different concentration and silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream on healing process of burn wounds in Wistar albino rats. Thirty five adult Wistar-albino rats were divided into five (5) groups of seven (7) rats each. A burn was generated on the backs of all the rats, done by subjecting to full thickness second degree skin burns with 5cm surface area d...
EFFECTS OF BREED, SEX AND AGE ON SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY IN NIGERIAN GOATS
ABSTRACTThe study was conducted to determine the effect of Breed, Sex and Age on serum parameters in Nigerian goats. Blood samples were collected from a total of 118 goats across different breed, sex and age. Eighty- four (84) from Sahel goat, eleven (11) from Red Sokoto and twenty-four (24) from West African Dwarf goat. The result obtained from the analysis of serum parameters showed that Breed had significant effect (P<0.05) on Glucose(mg/dl), Albumin (g/l), urea (mg/dl), Creatinine(mg/d...
GENETIC AND NON GENETIC FACTORS AFFECTING SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN NIGERIAN SHEEP
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the genetic (breed) and non genetic (sex and age) factors affecting serum biochemical parameters in Nigerian Sheep. Blood samples were collected from about 119 sheep which comprised the four breeds in Nigeria which include: Uda, Balami, Yankassa and West African Dwarf. The results obtained from various analyses for serumparameters showed significant effect (P<0.05) of Sodium on breed with the highest mean value on WAD. There was no signifi...
The Effects of Phenotypic and BLUP selection methods in livestock populations (swine) in tropical developing countries .
ABSTRACTA computer simulation experiment was conducted to evaluate the cumulative response to best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) and phenotypic selection for low and high heritability traits and in previously Selected, Unselected and Synthetic populations, typical of exotic and indigenous populations and their crossbreds used in tropical pig production. The QMSim simulation software was used to simulate the various population structures and the dataset was generated for traits with herita...
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