ABSTRACT Sociosexuality is a sexual risk behaviour, which poses public health concerns. This study aimed at determining some predictors of sociosexuality among young adults in Accra, Ghana. A sample size of 315 (164 = males, 151 = females) was recruited for this study. Participants completed questionnaires assessing dimensions of sociosexuality (i. e. sociosexual behaviour, sociosexual attitude, and sociosexual desire), sexual sensation seeking, sexual attitudes, dimensions of religiosity, a...
ABSTRACT The consumption of foodstuffs contaminated with aflatoxins may lead to hepatotoxic effect particularly in coexistence with chronic viral hepatitis infection. In Sub-Saharan Africa, hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies. The aim of this study was to measure the level of exposure of aflatoxin and liver damage markers in adults with viral hepatitis in Ghana. The study was conducted in the EjuraSekyedumase district, Ghana. Five hundred adults were screened for ...
ABSTRACT An imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant scavenging has been implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reports indicate that several complications of diabetes mellitus result from increased activity of free radicals and accumulation of lipid peroxidation products leading to oxidative stress. The study was aimed at evaluating lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status along with lipid profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and age- matched healthy sub...
ABSTRACT Intense exercise alters the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and may be an effective means to reduce their deleterious effect on the body. Two major classes of endogenous protective mechanisms work together to reduce the harmful effects of oxidants in the cell. The enzymatic scavenging system such as superoxide dismutase and the nonenzymatic antioxidants such as, albumin and uric acid can reduce ROS and protect tissues against oxidative damage. This oxidant-antioxidant bal...
ABSTRACT Background Malaria continues to be a menace in many parts of the world, contributing to high morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Irrespective of the immense contributions made to control malaria infection rates, the infection perpetually plagues numerous lives in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria infection has also been implicated in renal and hepatic dysfunction. The renal dysfunction typifies an increase of urea and creatinine levels in serum whiles the hepatic dy...
ABSTRACT Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age which often varies from mild menstrual disorder to severe disturbance of reproductive and metabolic functions. It is characterized by a collection of signs and symptoms which include ovulatory dysfunction-related infertility, menstrual disorders or androgen-related symptoms. Kisspeptin is a 54 amino acid neuropeptide that plays an essential role in human metabolism. It is encoded by the ...
ABSTRACT The antidiabetic effect of aqueous stem bark extract of A. polycarpa (AP) in male ICR mice and its sub-chronic toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The effect of AP (20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg) on fasting blood glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were determined over a period of 4 weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test was also conducted over 150 min post-glucose load. Organ specific toxicity of AP (20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg) in Spra...
ABSTRACT In spite of several research efforts and therapeutic interventions, cancer remains a major public health burden across the globe. Cancer treatment is still confronted with challenges including drug resistance and many undesirable side effects. Chemotherapy, the standard cancer treatment is seriously challenged with a lot of shortcomings and hence finding an alternative source of potent anticancer agents is critical to combat the menace. Plant and other natural products have proven to...
ABSTRACT Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious public health issue. Leptin, a peptide hormone produced by the adipocytes is very important in the regulation of food and energy. Increased Leptin concentrations are seen in CKD, and have been observed to trigger further complications such as cardiovascular diseases with significant mortality. Despite the interrelationship between leptin and CKD, and their associated adverse health outcomes, the precise role of leptin in hypertens...
ABSTRACT Vine-browning and die-back disease (anthracnose disease) is a major constraint and a predominant disease in all yam producing areas especially, in Africa. The disease reduces photosynthetic area of infected yam plants resulting in severe yield loss. Farmers and Agricultural Extension Agents in the Nkwanta-North and Krachi-West districts of the Volta Region have recently reported high incidence of the disease on their farms. A study was, therefore, conducted from January, 2012 to June...
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Abstract Background: Despite improvement in surgical techniques combined with chemotherapy and /or radiotherapy, the prognosis of gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma at the advance stage still remained poor. However, there is mounting evidence of the role of HER-2 expression in patients with these cancers. Aim: To determine the patterns of HER-2 protein expression in patients with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Ghana Method: Retrospectivel...
ABSTRACT Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer and it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various tumours and clinical entities. HPV infections are acquired through skin abrasions, sexual intercourse and during passage through an infected birth canal. It is clearly known that cervical HPV infection is sexually transmitted. HPV prevalence is high in young, sexually active women with a peak incidence in the age group 15-25 years. In elderly women, HPV preval...
ABSTRACT The incidence of type 2 diabetes is on the increase and on-going research suggests that the increased concentrations of some circulating immunoglobulins among type 2 diabetic patients may be non-specific signs of the development of diabetic complications. Immunoglobulins, of which the most abundant are IgA, IgG and IgM, play an essential role in the body’s immune system by assisting in destroying foreign substances when they invade the body. Elevated immunoglobulin levels have howe...
ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis infections have now spread to all parts of the world, and the rate of infection is found to be high in the cities with high number of mobile populations. One of such mobile populations is long distance truck drivers. Although studies from Asia, Europe, USA, and elsewhere have documented high prevalence of HBV, HIV and syphilis infections among truck drivers (long and short distance), such data are sparse from Af...