Geology Research Papers/Topics

Appraisal of crustal contamination in southern Bastar Mafic Dykes in Chattisgarh, India

Abstract: The present work is an attempt to assess the effect of crustal contamination through the Granitoids host rock, within the southern Bastar mafic dykes of Chhattisgarh, India, in the light of geochemical characteristics. Petrographically, these dykes are classified as Amphibolite, Dolerite/Meta-Dolerite and Diorite. Geochemically, all dyke samples have been classified as “high iron sub-alkaline Tholeiites”. On account of overlapping magnesium and iron concentration in Amphibolite...

Geology, mineralogy, geochemistry and alteration patterns of Banana zone copper-silver mineralisation , Ghanzi-Chobe belt, northwest-Botswana

Abstract: The Banana Zone Cu-Ag Prospect is within the SW-NE trending Ghanzi-Chobe Belt (GCB), which extends from the Namibia-Botswana border in the south to Shinamba Hills in the north near the Botswana-Zambia border. The Banana Zone is also part of the Ghanzi Project owned by Khoemacau Copper Mining and situated between the Ghanzi and Maun townships, in Botswana. The Banana Zone has inferred resource of over 225.4 million metric tonnes (Mt) grading 0.64% Cu and 8.1 g/t Ag. The GCB consists...

Marginal facies and compositional equivalents of Bushveld Parental sills from the Molopo farms complex layered intrusion, Botswana: petrogenetic and mineralization implications

Abstract: Parental magma composition to layered ultramafic to mafic intrusions are commonly studied using rocks occurring along their contact with the surrounding country rock. These include sills, dykes and/or rare chill margins. In comparison to the well-studied ~2.05 Ga Bushveld Complex layered intrusion, no study is available on the parental magma composition of the Molopo Farms Complex layered intrusion in southern Botswana. With a size, approximately 1/3rd of the Bushveld Complex, mafi...

Investigation of Lotsane earth fill dam for internal defects using time-lapse electrical resistivity imaging and frequency domain electromagnetic methods

Abstract: Internal erosion and development of seepage pathways is an ever present concern in earth fill dams, and are a major reason for many dam failures. Internal erosional progresses that are responsible for many dam failures are usually difficult to detect at their onset using the currently in-built monitoring systems that are installed during dam construction. Importantly, increased seepage in dams can only be observed after manifesting at the surface, at which time the integrity of the...

Constraints on the genesis of gold in the Tati Greenstone Belt of Northeastern Botswana: insights from integrative geochronology and Pb isotope compositions

Abstract: The NW trending Archean Tati Greenstone Belt is located in the southwestern part of the Zimbabwe Craton, in northeastern Botswana and consists of mafic to felsic volcanic rocks and metasediments. All rocks in the TGB have undergone greenschist facies metamorphism at 2630 ± 70 – 2570 ± 70 Ma and intrusion of granitoids that comprises of granodiorite, tonalites, quartz diorite and monzonite occurred at 2.65- 2.73 Ga. The TGB is host to numerous Au deposits including from NW to...

Petrographic and geochemical characterization of part of a permian coal deposit of the South-Eastern Kalahari sub-basin, Moiyabana area, eastern Botswana

Abstract: The Moiyabana Coalfield, located ~80 km west of Mahalapye village in the South Eastern Kalahari sub-basin, is one of the potential areas for coal mining in Botswana. This project discusses the petrographic and geochemical results of a detailed investigation carried out on a borehole core of the Moiyabana area, eastern Botswana. Geologically, the Moiyabana coal seams occur in sedimentary rocks of Permian Age and are hosted in the Karoo Supergroup sequence. All coal seams are found w...

Electrical resistivity investigation of part of Mmamabula coal field area for structures that influence the subsurface placement of the coal seams

Abstract: This study focuses on using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to map coal seam and associated structures found within the seams in parts of the Mmamabula Coal Field- central Botswana. The coals of this area belong to the Ecca Group’ s Mmamabula Fm and Mosomane Fm. Several major faults are reported to have affected the Karoo strata in the Mmamabula area. The northern limit of the coalfields is defined by the ENE-trending Zoetfontein Fault which has a downthrow to the no...

Characteristics of shear deformation along the eastern and southern terrane boundaries of the Motloutse complex, eastern Botswana

Abstract: The Motloutse Complex to the southwestern margin of Zimbabwe Craton is a medium-grade terrane in northeastern Botswana. Some studies consider it as part of the Limpopo Complex high-grade terrane between the Kaapvaal and Zimbabwe cratons, while others argue it as an allochthonous terrane separate to the Limpopo Complex. A number of shear zones are postulated to delineate the extents of Motloutse Complex. Except the northern margin (the Shashe shear zone), the rest of the terran...

Mineral weathering, pedogenesis and characterization of expansive soils from Serowe, Central Botswana

Abstract: Expansive soils tend to be fairly high in natural fertility and their unique morphology makes them quite interesting. Soils found in Serowe, Central Botswana, commonly exhibit variable degrees of periodic shrinking and swelling which often leave visible cracks and sometimes undulating micro-topography (gilgai) on the landscape. The use of expansive soils is often constrained due to severe management problems often associated with their physico-chemical properties. Therefore, basic ...

A study on the comminution characteristics of diorite

Abstract: The focus of this thesis was on the comparison in breakage behavior of heterogeneous diorite rock obtained at two separate quarry locations in Botswana. There are many problems associated with inefficient size reduction of quarry stones. Generally, when the material is left over sized, it will fail in its downstream operation because during separation/ screening the product will not pass to lower screens and it will require a secondary crushing activity resulting in a waste of ener...

Geochemical Baseline and Pre‑Mining Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metals at Iron Exploration Area, Northeastern Aswan, Egypt

With the emphasis that the study area is a highly mineralized area with high potential for future mining projects due to large iron ore reserves, a total of 21 soil surface samples were investigated in terms of toxic heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, and As) using ICP-OES to determine the metal concentrations, define the geochemical baseline during pre-mining conditions, decipher metal sources and their interrelationships using multivariate statistical analysis, and evaluate the contamina...

Aspects Of Structures And Depositional Environment Of Sand Bodies Within Tomboy Field, Offshore Western Niger Delta, Nigeria

Abstract Sand bodies deposited across normal growth faults and associated rollover anticlines are critical reservoirs for the accumulation of oil and gas. This paper addresses aspects of structures and depositional environments of some sand bodies within the Tomboy field, offshore western Niger Delta. Structural interpretation was undertaken to identify and assign faults found in the 3-D seismic volume. Time and depth structure maps in combination with well logs were used to produce for five...

Hydrocarbon Potential and Palaeodepositional Environment of Subsurface Sediments of the Anambra Basin, South Eastern Nigeria

Abstract Subsurface core samples obtained from Enugu 1325 and 1331 wells within the Anambra Basin were characterized by standard organic geochemical methods; Rock-eval and GC-Ms; to deduce the hydrocarbon potential, source input of the organic matter and palaeodepositional environment of the basin. The lithologies in both wells consist of coals, shales and siltstones and belong to the Mamu Formation. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Soluble Organic Matter (SOM) and Genetic Potential (GP) of t...

Facies Model Building of Integrated Multiscale Data In Dn-Field, Onshore, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Abstract This study employs 3D Post-Stack Time-Migrated seismic data from the DN-Field, within the Coastal Swamp depobelt of the Niger Delta in predicting lithofacies and fluvial facies of OVK-1 sand bodies in the Agbada Formation, as a tool to identify new drillable prospects. A lithofacies model for OVK-1 reservoir sand body was generated after upscaling using Most Of, as the averaging method. Calibrated by fluvio-facies at the well locations, channel sands were identified in OVK1 reservoi...

Aspects of Source Rock Evaluation and Diagenetic History of the Akinbo' Shale Eastern Dahomey Basin, Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract The Akinbo Formation comprises a sequence of mostly dark, pale-greenish grey, laminated shale, slightly glauconitic shale, sandy shale with subordinate claystone lenses. Selected subsurface samples of the shaly facies as penetrated by Akinside 1582 well in eastern Dahomey basin, were investigated by sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical parameters to ascertain the hydrocarbon potential and deduce the influence of variations of clay mineral indicators on the prospect. Values...


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