ABSTRACT Sorghum plant densities in semi-arid areas are generally lower than in wetter environments leaving lots of bare ground which promotes weeds. Intercropping using the optimum plant density of the minor crop and the most effective row orientation for weed control in these areas is one important step in integrated weed control management (IWM). Information on the cowpea population density and row orientation effects on weed density, growth and yields of sorghum-cowpea cropping systems is...
ABSTRACT Communities need motivation in order to effectively participate in environmental conservation. However, potential socio-economic incentives for improving environmental conservation and livelihoods of communities surrounding Kondoa Rehabilitated Areas (KRA) are poorly known. The aim of this study was to analyze potential socio-economic incentives for effectively and sustainably improving environmental conservation and livelihoods of the communities surrounding KRA. The cross-sectional...
ABSTRACT This study assessed and analyzed how tourism revenue generated was distributed at various community levels and its impact on household welfare. Data on sources of revenues, income generated and expenditure were collected from key informants and supplemented with secondary data. Hunting, concession, bed-night and photographic tourism were identified as the major sources of tourism revenue. Distribution of tourism revenue to community level was assessed and the items on which the recei...
ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes are one of the major economically important pests causing yield losses of up to 80% in many regions of the world including Zimbabwe. Control of nematodes has been mainly based on use of synthetic nematicides and these have negative impacts on the environment, as a result there is growing interest in alternative methods of management that are economically viable and non-polluting such as Bio-fumigation. An In vitro experiment was carried out in the 2018/19 growing ...
ABSTRACT Empirical literature exists that cigarette consumption is a major epidemic internationally and locally. The study was mainly conducted to analyse cigarettes consumption in Zimbabwe from 1980 to 2015 by looking into the consumers’ response if there is a change in price, income, excise tax or an addition of more tobacco control events. The study sought to solve for the increase in the demand for cigarettes, where consumers continue to consume knowing the negative impacts it has on th...
ABSTRACT Beekeeping practice in Tanzania contributes to foreign earnings, employment, food and industrial raw materials. This study was stimulated by the increased tendency of honey consumption in urban centers of Tanzania. However there was little information on present quantity consumed and factors influencing the choice for honey consumption in Mwanza City. Specifically, the study determined the present quantity consumed, examined factors influencing the choice for consumption and forecast...
ABSTRACT This study was conducted in Nkasi District, Rukwa region, Tanzania, with the overall objective of assessing the contribution of forest resources in improving the livelihoods of rural communities. The focus was on various ways in which local communities in the study area earn income through forest resources. Similarly, the study focused on the types and quantities of the forest products and establishment of the contribution of the products to household income. Primary data were collec...
ABSTRACT Contribution of improved charcoal kilns to households’ income is not well documented. This study analysed contribution of improved charcoal kilns to households' income in Kilindi district by focusing on; characterizing charcoal producers, economic contribution of improved charcoal kilns and examining factors underlying the use of improved charcoal kilns. The study used questionnaires and checklists to collect data from 200 charcoal producers. Gross margin was used to analyse the co...
ABSTRACT Meatu district in Simiyu region is one of the most degraded areas in Tanzania where the effects of deforestation were vivid resulting from increased population of both humans and livestock. The problem extends to the effect of soil degradation, poor crop yield, shortage of fuel wood, building materials and fodder. Rotational Woodlot (RWL) was the most promising tested technology to solve the problem. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of rotational woodlots on hous...
ABSTRACT How forest income in Community Based Forest Management (CBFM), enters into peoples’ livelihood diversification strategies, income distributional profile, degree of dependency and variations due to contextual factors is unknown. This study was carried in Sunya, Lengatei and Dongo wards in Kiteto district from September to December 2008 to assess the impact of community based forest management on rural livelihoods. Livelihood framework was the main approach used. Data collection invo...
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted in Uyui District, Tabora Tanzania from November 2006 to January 2007. The aim of the study was to make an assessment on the status of agroforestry dissemination in Uyui District. Specifically, the study assessed the origin and status of agroforestry dissemination in the study area, agroforestry technologies adopted by local communities, benefits gained by the farmers through adoption of agroforestry technologies, constraints to scaling-up agroforestry ...
ABSTRACT Land conflicts between local community and a protected area is a common phenomenon in most African countries due to eviction of local communities to provide room for wildlife conservation. Land conflicts are emerging because of the failure to resolve existing conflicts in different areas between stakeholders. Long term conflicts have negative impacts economically, socially and ecologically. The aim of the study was to provide a better understanding of land use conflict between local ...
ABSTRACT The study was conducted in Arusha City, Tanzania. The aim of the study was to analyse the socio-economic factors that influence urban households’ choice of primary cooking fuel and its share to the total household expenditure. The specific focus of the study were (i) to investigate households’ cooking fuel(s) consumption pattern (ii) to analyse factors affecting households’ choice of cooking fuel (iii) to examine households’ cooking fuel consumption intensity (iv) to develop ...
ABSTRACT Eastern and Southern African countries’ authorities managing protected areas have made an effort to establish wildlife corridors as a respond towards ecological and socioeconomic benefits of connected ecosystems. However these corridors face with various socio-economic activities which degrade and fragment their habitats resulting to malfunction of corridors’ management. The study aimed at examining socio-economic activities impacting management of Selous-Niassa wildlife corridor...
ABSTRACT Covered kernel smut of sorghum caused by Sporisoriumsorghi is a major threat to sorghum production globally. This pathogen has been reported to attack sorghum resulting in yield losses as high as 75% on susceptible sorghum genotypes in Zimbabwe. Twelve sorghum genotypes were screened to determine the incidence and severity of covered kernel smut during the 2014/15 growing season. The trial was done under field conditions, where two artificial inoculation techniques namely seed dressi...