Governance and Clan Conflicts On the Socio-Economic Development in Baidoa District Somalia

ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to carry out an investigation on governance and clan conflicts containment in Baidoa. Somalia. The objectives of the study were To determine the effectiveness of governance structures in Somalia, to determine the causes of ethnic conflicts in Somalia and to determine the signiflcant relationship between governance and the clan conflicts in Somalia. The study employed descriptive correlation study design which involved both qualitative and quantitative approaches. With regards to this method, the researcher used structured questionnaires which were based on simple and understandable questions. Responses from the 1 04 sample size respondents out of a total of 140 respondents suggested that the governance in Baidoa was relatively poor than the standard expected. The researcher found out that though some strides have been made in improvement of the governance policies; still there are a couple of challenges which hampered the process of containing clan conflicts. Other than governance, under development poverty, uneven power and weak institution were some of the major causes of clan conflicts in Baidoa district. As a result the process of containing and preventing clan conflicts has remained to be elusive. It was also established that there was indeed a causal relationship between governance and clan conflicts containment which stood at 0.965 on the Pearson Correlation scale which was interpreted as a significant positive and very strong relationship. The researcher suggested that it had become imperative that there be significant improvement on the aspects by means of revising the job social, political and economic governance of Baidoa. This according to the researcher would help improve the process of preventing and containing the clan conflicts in Baidoa district.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DECLARATION

DECLARATION

LIST OF

OF

TABLES,

CONTENTS

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B

FIGURES

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AND EQUATIONS VII

ABSTRACT IX

LIST OF ACRONYMS x

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 2

1.1 BACKGROUND OF TIlE STUDY 2

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 6

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 6

1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 6

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 7

1.6 HYPOTHESIS 7

1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 7

1.8 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 7

1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF KEY TERMS 8

CHAPTER TWO 9

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 9

2.0 INTRODUCTION 9

2.1 THEORETICAL REVIEW 9

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 10

2.3 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 10

2.3.1.1 SOCIAL GOVERNANCE 12

2.3.1.2 POLITICAL GOVERNANCE 13

2.3.1.3 ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE 13

2.3.2 CLAN CONFLICTS 15

2.3.2.1 LAND DISPUTES 17

2.3.2.2 POWER CONFLICT 18

2.3.2.3 SOCIAL CONFLICT 19

iv

2.3.2.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .20

CHAPTER THREE 21

METHODOLOGY 21

3.0 INTRODUCTION 21

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 21

3.2 RESEARCFI POPULATION 21

3.3 SAMPLE SIZE 21

3.4 SAMPLING PROCEDURE 22

3.5 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT 22

3.6 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT 22

3.7 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES 23

3.8 DATA ANALYSIS 23

3.9 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS 24

3.10 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 24

CHAPTER FOUR 26

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTEPRETATION OF DATA 26

4.1 DEMOGRAPHIC CI-IARACTERISTIC5 OF RESPONDENTS 26

4.2 MODE OF GOVERNANCE USED IN BAIDOA, DISTRICT, SOMALIA 28

4.3 CLAN CONFLICTS 29

4.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MODES OF GOVERNANCE AND CLAN CONFLICTS..31

4.5 REGRESSION MODELING 33

4.6 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 36

CHAPTER FIVE 37

DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMEDATIONS 37

5.0 INTRODUCTION 37

5.1 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS 37

5.1.1 GOVERNANCE 37

5.1.2 CLAN CONFLICTS 39

5.1.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOVERNANCE AND CLAN CONFLICT 41

5.2 CONCLUSION 41

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 41