Influence of Organic Amendment on Microbial Activities and Growth of Pepper Cultured on Crude Oil Contaminated Niger Delta Soil

Land contamination with crude oil is one of the challenges of effective crop production in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. This condition is inherent thus creates the need for developing effective remedial methods of managingcontaminated lands as well as improve crop production. This study was designed to assess the effect of Brewers Spent Grains (BSG) on microbial activities and growth of Capsicum annum L cultured in crude oil contaminated soil. The results haveshown that depending on the level of contamination, crude affected both the physical and chemical attributes of soil. Itincreased the acidity from pH 5.67 to a range of 5.58 - 5.64 and the total organic carbon content from 0.05% to 0.14% - 0.21
while the total nitrogen and available phosphorus levels of soil were remarkably reduced from 0.39% to 0.21% - 0.28%, and from 0.036% to 0.028% - 0.032% respectively. Amendment of contaminated soil with BSG had variable influence on themicrobial properties of test soil. It increases the heterotrophic activity of bacteria in soil while retarding the activities of nitrogen fixing bacteria (Nitrosomonas sp and Nitrobacter sp). However at a stimulating amendment level of 150g of BSG in a 0.208% level of contamination, the activities of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria was enhanced from the hitherto low number of 3.6 log CFU/g found in test soil to 6.2 log CFU/g obtained on the 6th week of the remediation period. This resulted in 62.09%hydrocarbon degradation in soil at the end of the 8-week remediation course. BSG amendment of the oil contaminated hadclear but variable influence on some agronomic traits of the cultured pepper. Growth was generally promoted by the amendment and the most significant (P