Management Challenges Faced by Ngos in Provision of Social Services to the HIV/AIDS Infected Persons in Nsambya Hospital Home Care

ABSTRACT

This study seeks to investigate the management challenges faced by NGOs in provision of social services to the HIV/AIDS infected persons. It also reveals the most key actors involved in the provision of all kinds of assistance to the HIV/AIDS patients. The study reveals the most appropriate ways used to reduce on management challenges faced by NGOs. The study also shows clearly the social services offered by NGOs to the HIV/AIDS patients as well as social problems faced by them in the due course of sickness. The study was carried out on 80 respondents from Nsambya Hospital Home Care in Kampala District. It also evaluated respondents’ responses to a questionnaire which included both open and closed ended items, The research design used was both quantitative and qualitative; it also applied across sectional survey of an NGO. Simple random sampling was also used to select the respondents from the population. Other methods used to collect data from the field include, use of direct observation and face to face interviews. The study found out that a big proportion of the respondents were in support of the NGOs for the social services given to the HIV/AIDS patients. It was realized that, the most management challenges of NGOs are caused by daily increase of the HIV/AIDS patients seeking social services. More evidence also revealed that some of the HIV/AIDS patients are abandoned by their relatives, leaving the entire burden to the NGOs care givers. It was also clearly indicated that some of the 1-1W/AIDS patients are not willing to pay user fee of 1000 shillings per month.

ABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION

APPROVAL ii

DEDICATION iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS v

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES x

ABSTRACT xi

ACRONYMS xill

C HAP~~ER ONE ~ 1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Background of the Study 1

1.1 Statement of the problem 3

1.2 General objective of the Research 3

1.3 Specific objectives of the study 3

1.4 Hypothesis 4

1.5 Significance of the study 4

1.6 Limitations of the study 5

1.7 The scope and Delimitation of the Study 6

1.8 Summary of the thesis 6

1.9 Conceptual framework 7

1.10 Theoretical Framework 8

CHAPTER TWO aannannon,gaaanDncbnuannnnnnnaGuøncaanDa~nnaubDsDucu~unnnonucønbcueua~oboaubunuuunnonannnuen 11

LITER.ATUR~~ RE~fIEW~q a~a~otac~11

2.0 Introduction 11

2.1 The Review of NGO5 11

2.2 The history of HIV/AIDS in Uganda 14

2.5 Nsambya Hospital Home Care activities 24

2.6 HIV/AIDS and livelihoods 24

2.7 Stigma 25

2.8 HIV/AIDS as an emergency and its implications for relief and development. 26

V

2.9 Hostile social environment. 27

2.10 HIV/AIDS and conflict 28

2.11 Effects of HIV/AIDS 28

2.12 Institutional support 29

2.13 Management of HIV/AIDS patients 29

2.14 Clinical management (care) 30

2.15 Social support 30

2.16 Reduction of Mother to Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV 30

2.17 Rights-Based Approach to HIV/AIDS victim 32

2.18 Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) 33

2.18.1 Home-based HIV Counseling and Testing (HBHCT) 34

2.19 HIV Counseling and testing for special groups 35

2.19.1 HCTforchildren 35

2.20 Ongoing counseling 38

2.20.1 Referral and follow-up 39

2.21 HIV Counseling and Testing for couples 39

2.22 Confidentiality 41

2.23 Monitoring quality of services 41

2.24 Strengthening the health care systems 42

2.25 Challenges affecting HIV/AIDS related NGOs 44

2.26 HIV/AIDS and humani~rian programming 46

CHAFFER THREE ~~47

M E~T~HODOLOG’Vpqnapnp~nUPflUDCUUtflØmCfln 47

3.0 Introduction 47

3.1 Research Design 47

3.2 Area of Study 47

3.3 Study Population 48

3.4 Sample Selection Techniques 48

3.5 Data collection instruments 48

3.5.1 Questionnaire design 49

3.5.2 Interviewing 49

3.5.3 Direct observation 50

3.6 Data Collection from Nsambva Hospital Home Care 50

vi

tç~ r

LIDSA,~y

C HAP1~ER FOUR ~~tn~oo..t,buuu,,n.n,n,o.o,.n,~u~a, 52

k

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS .... .. ... ~.. .. . .. ., . .. .. . ~ UO*flOO~,,,, . .. s... 52

4.0 Introduction .52

4.1 Data analysis 52

4.2 The key actors in the provision of social services to the HIV/AIDS patients.. 75

4.3 Discussion of the results 76

4.4 Introduction 76

4.5 Dependent and independent variables 77

4.6 Social and physical problems faced by the HIV/AIDS Victims 77

4.7 How I-IIV/AIDS patients cope with social problems 79

4.8 Social services provided by the NGOs to the HIV/AIDS patients 80

4.8.1 Ways on which organizational social services helps the HIV/AIDS infected

persons 81

4.9 Factors that force social service providers to be friendly to the HIV/AIDS

patients 82

4.10 HIV/AIDS victims on confidentiality by NGOs officials 83

4.11 Respondents attitude towards NGOs 84

4.12 How HIV/AIDS is transmitted 85

4.13 Prevention of HIV/AIDS 86

4.14 Management challenges faced by NGO officials 87

4.15 Causes of management challenges in NGOs 89

4.16 Effects of management challenges on daily activities of an NGO 91

4.17 Appropriate ways used to reduce on the management challenges of an NGO.

92

C HAP1~ER 95

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS~~,, ~95

5.0 Summary 95

5.1 Conclusion 96

5.3 Further Research 101

vii

102

APPENDICES ~~ ~ 107

APPENDIX A: INTRODUCTORY LETTERS • 107

APPENDIX B 108

RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE FOR NGO’S OFFICIALS 108

APPENDIXC~ 113

RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HIV/AIDS INFECTED PERSONS 113