PARTICULATE MATTER POLLUTION IN THE TAKORADI HARBOUR INDUSTRIAL AREA

ABSTRACT

Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulate matter or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damage the natural environment. Particulate matter smaller than 10µm, can settle in the bronchi and lungs and cause health problems. The study investigated and evaluated the release of particulate matter (both TSP and PM10) from industrial activities within the Takoradi Port Industrial Area which is seen as a major source of air pollution. The Total Quality Management model which derives its concept from the Deming cycle was adopted in the conceptual framework. Samples of ambient particulates were collected from eleven designated points within the study area. Altogether 176 values were recorded from the TSP and PM10 measurements for the dry and wet seasons monitoring exercises. The study sought to determine whether the mean dust emission levels for the various sampling locations were within the EPA maximum permissible guideline limits. By the decision rule, there were significant differences in the mean TSP and PM10 values and their corresponding permissible limits for all data monitored. These differences called for concerted effort from all stakeholders to address the dust pollution issue. Companies operating within the harbour area must take pragmatic measures to minimize their particulate matter emissions into the atmosphere. Adopting and implementing a management system consistent with ISO 14001 could possibly bring the needed transformation.