School Administration Supervision and Students’ Academic Performance in Kwanza District, Kenya

ABSTRACT The study set out to determine the relationship between school administration supervision and the students’ academic performance with Kwanza District of Kenya as the case study. The objectives of the study were mainly concerned with establishing the relationship between teacher supervision and students’ academic performance, assessing the level of resource utilization and students’ academic performance and teacher attendance and academic performance of students. The researcher used a descriptive research design for his study and this was carried out by the use of questioners that were administered to 24 head teachers in Kwanza district. Observation and interviewing teachers and students were also used. The findings of the study revealed that the level of supervision of teachers by head teachers was insufficient; there was a direct relationship between head teachers supervisory and student’s academic performance. Therefore, the researcher concluded that the head teachers’ supervisory roles in schools were inadequate. Recommendations made included school adopting a policy on resource utilization accountability in school and fully participation of teachers in supervision ad attendance in all schools activities. Drilling students to pass examinations falls short of the aims and goals of the education system. There was a lot of emphasis on end term and midterm examinations. The significant outcome of the study shows that the pressure of tests and standards not only creates anxiety among students and affects their academic performance but also drive away teachers from cooperative planning and team work on educational goals into the trap of drilling their students to ensure that their class, subjects and school does well, teachers become competitors in a survival for the fittest scenario. Variables of instructional supervision and examination results were negatively correlated for all the years of study are shown in table 4. However long school hours more efficient use of school time by teachers ,well organized supervision by head teachers in terms of well graded homework and test are all methods that were found to boost students academic performance.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION A

DECLARATION B

APPROVAL SHEET iii

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v

ABSTRACT vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES x

CHAPTER ONE ~ ... i

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 2

Purpose of the study 3

Research Objectives 3

Research Questions 3

Scope of the study 3

Significance of the study 4

Operational Definition Terms 4

CHAPTER TWO 5

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUR s,... , 5

Introduction

Theoretical Perspective

Related literature 6

Concepts, ideas, opinions from Authors I Experts 6

Teachers’ Supervision and student academic performance 7

Students’ Performance

Resource Utilization and Student Performance 12

Teacher attendance and academic performance 13

Conceptual Framework 14

CIIAPrER rIiREE ~16

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ~. 16

Research Design 16

Research Population 16

Sample Size 16

Sampling Procedure 17

Methods of Data Collection 17

Research Instruments 17

Validity and Reliability of the instrument 17

Data Gathering Procedure 18

Data Analysis 18

Limitations of the study 18

Ethical Consideration 18

CHAPFER FOIJR~ ~20

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA ~20

Introduction 20

Description of teachers’ Attendance 25

CHAPTER FIVE u,uoau,u, 28

FINDINGS CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS~,~~28

INTRODUCTION 28

FINDINGS 28

CONCLUSIONS 30

RECOMMENDATIONS 31

Other Areas for Research 33

REFERENCES 34

APPENDICES 39

APPENDIX I Transmittal Letter 39

APPENDIX II: Research InstrumenT 42

CURRICULUM VITAE 48