School Feeding Programmed and Retention of Pupils in Selected Primary Schools in Lakes State of South Sudan

ABSTRACT This study was set to find out the relationship between School feeding programs and retention in Schools of Lakes State of Southern Sudan. It was guided by four specific objectives, that included determining the i) profile of respondents in terms of gender, age, education level and years of service ; ii) determining the level of School feeding programs; iii) the level of retention; iv) significant relationship between School feeding programs and retention in Schools of Lakes State of Southern Sudan. The researcher used a descriptive survey design in particular, a descriptive co-relational design which was used to determine the relationship between variables, The research tool that was applied in this study was devLsed questionnaires to determine the school feeding programme and retention of pupils. From the findings, there was a positive significant relationship between the level of School feeding programs and level of retention. This is shown by the fact that the sig. values were less than the maximum sig. value of 0.05 considered in social sciences, Therefore, the researcher recommended the following: From the findings and the conclusions of the study, the researcher recommends there is need to train more female teacher in order to bridge the gap that is there between male and female in selected Schools of Lakes State of Southern Sudan, the School management should usually introduce strategies and method of running the program of School feeding, this will increase on the level of retention of learners, the School management should give financial support to the program of School feeding, and this will help to improve on the School feeding program, the government of Southern Sudan should also provide financial support to School feeding program, this will help to run day to day activities of the program and the School should always provide enough food at lunch to Learners, this will increase on the level of retention of Learners.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Declaration A

Declaration B ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgements iv

Abstract v

Table of contents vi

List of tables ix

Abbreviations x

Chapter

One THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE 1

Background of the Study 1

Statement of the Problem 3

Purpose of the Study 4

Research Objectives 4

Research Questions 4

Hypothesis 5

Scope of the study 5

Significance of the Study 6

Operational Definitions of Key Terms 6

Two REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 8

Introduction 8

Concepts, Ideas, Opinions from Authors/Experts 8

Theoretical Perspective 13

Basic social learning concepts 13

vi

Observational learning 13

Intrinsic reinforcements 14

The modeling process 14

Related Studies 15

School feeding 16

Effects of Feeding Programme on Performance of Learners 18

Feeding Programme, Enrolment and Attendance 20

Feeding Programs and Dropout of Children 24

Impact of Feeding Programs on the Nutritional Status 25

Three METHODOLOGY 31

Research Design 31

Research Population 31

Sample Size 31

Sampling Procedure 31

Research Instruments 32

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument 32

Data Gathering Procedures 33

Data Analysis 33

Ethical Considerations 34

Limitations of the Study 34

Four PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA 36

Level of school feeding programme 37

Level of retention 39

Significance relationship between level of SFP and level of retention 41

Five FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS 43

Introduction 43

Research Findings 43

Conclusions 45

Recommendations for further research 46

Areas for further research 47

Reference 49

Appendices, 52

Appendix I - Transmittal Letter A 52

Appendix I I — clearance form from ethic committee 53

Appendix III — informed consent 54

Appendix IV — Researcher instrument 55

Appendix V- proposed budget 59

Appendix VI-time frame 60

Appendix VII - curriculum vitae (CV) 61

Appendix VIII — transmittal letter B 66