ABSTRACT
Poverty reduction programmes in Nigeria have not had significant intended effects.
This can be attributed to the non-consideration of the heterogeneous nature of poverty and
spatial contiguity of geographical units in their designs. There is scarce information on spatial
decomposition and spillover of poverty across the Senatorial Districts (SD) in Nigeria.
Therefore, the spatial concentration of poverty and its determinants were investigated.
The study employed secondary data from Nigeria Living Standard Survey (NLSS)
and Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire (CWIQ) survey conducted by National Bureau of
Statistics (NBS), Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO). The NLSS and CWIQ were conducted in 2004 and 2006
respectively. The national sample sizes for NLSS and CWIQ were 22,200 and 77,400
household units respectively. Following the elimination of households with missing values,
samples considered for the study were 18,760 and 54,536 households for NLSS and CWIQ
respectively. The Poverty Rate (PR) per SD was obtained from household consumption
expenditure data sourced from NLSS. Data on Household Size (HS), Household Membership
of Association (HMA), Households’ Access to Health Facilities (AHF), People Employed in
Agriculture (PEA), Access to Credit Facilities (ACF) and Literate Adult (LA) were obtained
from CWIQ. Data on Number of Years Spent in the National Assembly by Senators
(NYSNAS) (1999 – 2004) and soil fertility classification of Nigeria were sourced from INEC
and FAO respectively. These variables and spatial dimension were hypothesized to influence
PR. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Foster Greer and Thorbeck model, spatial
regression, local indicator of spatial association and spatial probit at p = 0.05.
Mean annual household per capita consumption expenditure was
N28475.01 ± N11967.5. Percentage of PEA in the SD was 44.2 ± 18.4% while mean HS was
6.5 ± 1.5. Mean values of NYSNAS, ACF and AHF were 4.3 ± 0.5years, 10.5 ± 7.4% and
51.6 ± 18.2% respectively. Fifty-six percent of the SD had fertile soils. Average national PR
of the SD was 56.03 ± 24.1%. Fifty three of the SD had PR below the national average. The
Moran’s I value (3.4) indicated that spillover of poverty existed among SD. Ten percent
increase in PR in one SD resulted in 3.1% increase in PR in the neighbouring SD ( = 0.3).
Fifty-two percent of the SD with significant spatial association had low PR neighboured by
low PR SD, 41.03% of the SD with high PR were neighboured by high PR SD. The PR in
high-high SD was significantly reduced by HMA (-0.9), AHF (-0.3), ACF (-0.9), LA (-1.1),
fertile soil (-5.2) and NYSNAS (-6.6). Poverty rate was significantly increased by PEA (0.4)
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY
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and HS (5.5). Mean PR in high-high and low-low SD was 82.6% and 31.8% respectively.
Household’s probability of being poor was higher in high-high SD (0.8) compared to low-low
(0.08). Poverty incidence in a senatorial district influenced the neighbouring senatorial
district. Reduction in poverty incidence would be achieved through households’ membership
of associations, improved access to health and credit facilities.
SOWUNMI, F (2021). Spatial Concentration Of Poverty And Its Determinants In Nigeria. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/spatial-concentration-of-poverty-and-its-determinants-in-nigeria
SOWUNMI, FATAI "Spatial Concentration Of Poverty And Its Determinants In Nigeria" Afribary. Afribary, 22 Apr. 2021, https://afribary.com/works/spatial-concentration-of-poverty-and-its-determinants-in-nigeria. Accessed 13 Dec. 2024.
SOWUNMI, FATAI . "Spatial Concentration Of Poverty And Its Determinants In Nigeria". Afribary, Afribary, 22 Apr. 2021. Web. 13 Dec. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/spatial-concentration-of-poverty-and-its-determinants-in-nigeria >.
SOWUNMI, FATAI . "Spatial Concentration Of Poverty And Its Determinants In Nigeria" Afribary (2021). Accessed December 13, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/spatial-concentration-of-poverty-and-its-determinants-in-nigeria