The Effect of Overpopulation on Standard of Living in Nigeria 1985-2014

ABSTRACT

This study examines the effect of overpopulation on standard in Nigeria.  Thus, Malthusian theory of population is relevant to Nigeria as a developing economy but this theory is not used in this research due to lack of empirical and scientific evidence. The study used trend analysis of the study with the scope spanning between 1985 and 2014.  The study adopted ordinary least square method of analysis in examining the time series properties using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test.  The analysis showed that only population has no unit root at all level but both GDP per capita and life expectancy at birth has unit root. The study revealed that population growth has negative on standard of living proxied as GDP Per Capita. The study later proffers various policies options which government can implement for better economic development as a result of continuous population growth.  

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE

CERTIFICATION 

DEDICATION 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction        

1.1 Background of study

1.2 Statement of problem

1.3 Objectives of the study

1.4 Hypothesis of the study

1.5 Scope and limitation of the study

1.6 Significance of the study

1.7 Plan or organization of the study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0Literature Review

2.1Conceptual issues

2.1.1Definitions of standard of living

2.1.2General factors affecting standard of living

2.1.3Definitions of population

2.1.4Definition of population growth

2.15Definitions of overpopulation

2.1.6Rapid population growth and economic development

2.1.7The effects of overpopulation

2.18Causes of overpopulation

2.1.9 Effect of overpopulation on standard of living

2.2Theoretical review

2.2.1The Malthusian theory

2.2.2Demographic transition theory

2.2.3The kremerian theory

2.2.4 Theoretical framework

2.2.5Nigeria and demographic transition theory

2.2.6Standard of living

2.2.7Ways of measuring standard of living

2.3Empirical literature           

2.3.1Empirical overview of Nigeria’s population growth            

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0Introduction

3.1Model specification

3.1.1Dependent variable

3.1.2Explanatory or independent variable

3.2Structural presentation of the model

3.3Mathematical representation of the model

3.4Nature and source of data

3.5Method of data analysis and estimation

3.6Methods of data evaluation

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

4.1Introduction

4.2Presentation and evaluation of regression result

4.2.1The Test for the Unit Root (Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test)

4.22The regression analysis

4.2.3Economic criteria

4.3Presentation of result

4.3.1The model

4.3.1The interpretation of the model

4.3.3Evaluation base on statistical test (first order test)

4.4Econometric criteria (second order test)

4.4.1Test for autocorrelation

4.2 Test for heteroscedacity

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1Summary

5.2Conclusion

5.3Policy recommendations

REFERENCE  

APPENDIX