THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS

ABSTRACT

Like many other developing countries, cigarette among adult in Nigeria is steadily on the increase in the last two or so decades. The aim of this research project is to determine the knowledge about the effects of smoking and awareness of

health warnings on cigarette advertisement among male tertiary institution students in Kaduna Metropolis. Social learning theory and Health belief model were used as theoretical framework for this study. Simple random technique was used in selecting the target population of this study. Findings of the study indicate that male students that smoke cigarette do not have significant knowledge about health effect of smoking and do not think that cigarette smoking poses any serious danger. Parents, adverts on bill boards and TV, siblings and movies influenced students to smoke. Most of the respondents were not aware of the health warnings on cigarette advertisement. Students smoke to enable them to read their books, because of the prestige in smoking and as a result of curiosity and experimentation. Among the recommendations was that there is need to promote attitudinal change among student smokers.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study --------------------------------------------------- 1

1.2 Statement of research problem-------------------------------------------- 3

1.3 Research Question ----------------------------------------------------------------5

1.4 Research Objectives --------------------------------------------------------5

1.5 Significance of the study--------------------------------------------------------6

1.6 Scope of the study------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

CHAPTER TWO

2.1Introduction

2.2 The knowledge of health effect of smoking------------------------------------------ 7

2.3 The factors which encourage cigarette smoking among students of tertiary institution------ 14

2.4 The attitude of cigarette smokers to health warnings on cigarette---------- 16

2.5 Justification for tobacco smoking Framework ------------------------------------------- 28

2.6 Theoretical Framework ---------------------------------------------------------------- 33

2.6.1 Social Learning Theory ------------------------------------------------------ 34

2.6.2 Health Belief Model ---------------------------------------------------------------------36

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 Location of the study----------------------------------------------------------- 41

3.3 Study Population and Sampling technique--------------------------------------------- 42

3.4 Method of data collection ---------------------------------------------------------------- 43

3.5 Method of data analysis ----------------------------------------------------------------- 45

3.6 Problems encountered from the field------------------------------------------------- 45

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.0Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------- 47

4.1 Socio- demographic characteristics of respondents ----------------------- 47

4.2 Health effect of tobacco smoking ---------------------------------------- 49

4.3 Factors influencing the smoking habits of tertiary institution male ---------53

4.4 The attitude of student who smoke to health warnings on cigarette advertisement---------------55

4.5 Justification for Smoking Cigarette --------------------------------------------------- 63

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.0 Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------70

5.1 Summary of findings ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70

5.2 Discussion of major findings ---------------------------------------------------------- 71

5.3 Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------------------------73

5.4 Recommendations-----------------------------------------------------------------73

REFERENCES --------------------------------------------------------------- 75

Appendix I: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------81

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APA

Aijehi, G. (2018). THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/the-knowledge-about-the-effects-of-smoking-and-awareness-of-health-warnings-on-cigarette-advertisement-among-male-tertiary-institution-students-in-kaduna-metropolis-7562

MLA 8th

Aijehi, George "THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS" Afribary. Afribary, 29 Jan. 2018, https://afribary.com/works/the-knowledge-about-the-effects-of-smoking-and-awareness-of-health-warnings-on-cigarette-advertisement-among-male-tertiary-institution-students-in-kaduna-metropolis-7562. Accessed 30 Mar. 2023.

MLA7

Aijehi, George . "THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS". Afribary, Afribary, 29 Jan. 2018. Web. 30 Mar. 2023. < https://afribary.com/works/the-knowledge-about-the-effects-of-smoking-and-awareness-of-health-warnings-on-cigarette-advertisement-among-male-tertiary-institution-students-in-kaduna-metropolis-7562 >.

Chicago

Aijehi, George . "THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS" Afribary (2018). Accessed March 30, 2023. https://afribary.com/works/the-knowledge-about-the-effects-of-smoking-and-awareness-of-health-warnings-on-cigarette-advertisement-among-male-tertiary-institution-students-in-kaduna-metropolis-7562

THE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING AND AWARENESS OF HEALTH WARNINGS ON CIGARETTE ADVERTISEMENT AMONG MALE TERTIARY INSTITUTION STUDENTS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS

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