The Military In The Promotion Of Human Security In Conflict Situations: The Case Of Uganda People’s Defense Force In Gulu District.

ABSTRACT

iman insecurity is one of the problems facing civilians in conflict affected regions besides physical

curity. Various organizations and actors intervene in such circumstances by carrying out various

tivities to try and promote this situation among the affected people. In spite of such interventions, much

still desired. from the actors in terms of freeing people from the fear and want.

ie contributions made by the military has however never been appreciated in as much as they try to

volve themselves in it this venture. For this reason, the study is being made to find out why it is the

se.

ie study covered the 22 year period from 1986 to 2008 during which the northern part of Uganda has

en covered in civil protracted conflict that has witnessed dire loss of life not only through war but also

~ease, rape and other inhumane conditions within this society. The study looks into the military as an

rtitution, its contribution, challenges and relation with other actors in the arena. The study involved

:erviewing key informants from the ministry of defense and organizations who included official,

ganizing Focus group discussions with the victims and their leader in addition to research from

cument available in the library and in the internet. The study was however faced with a major

allenge of bureaucracy and reluctance to provide information on certain issues important to the study

some informants, skepticism and biasness in some responses which has to be avoided.

ie military does a very important responsibility of ensuring the people of northern Uganda are

Dtected, stability and security are attained in the area but leave out the freedom from want bit entirely

nongovernmental organizations which end up crowding in such places while performing the same

;ks yet still blame the government for the poor living conditions among the people. They used such

portunities to create jobs, make money and once the conflict is over they move to other places with the

rrie problems, the money funding these NOOs should therefore be given to the military to improve their

erations and ability to extend more into providing human security and equally free civilians from want

TABLE OF CONTENTS

~laration

clication,,.,.. .

ksiowledgement

)le of contents iv

pendices

tof tables ix

of abbreviations

~tract

CHAPTER ONE

0 Introduction 1

1 Background to the study 3

2 Statement of the problem 4

3 Purpose of the study 5

4 Objectives of the study 5

1 General Objective 5

2 Specific Objectives 5

S Scope of the study 6

6 Significance I justification of the study 6

7 Definitions of key concepts Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER TWO

1~ Literature Review 8

1 Introduction 8

2 Conflict 8

3 Conflict and human security 9

4 Indicators of human security 11

5 The military and human security 12

S The roles of the military 13

7 Basic challenges that face the military 17

~ Conclusion 18

) Theoretical framework Error! Bookmark not defined.

1 Security theory Error! Bookmark not defined.

V

CHAPTER THREE

.0 ResearchMethodology.,20

.1 Introduction, ,..,., 20

.2 Research Design ,,..,., 20

.3 Study Area . 21

.4 Study population 21

.5 Sampling Procedures and Sample Size 21

.6 Methods of Data Collection 22

.7 Focus Group Discussions 22

.8 In-Depth Interviews 23

.9 Naturalistic Observation 23

.10 Documentary Review 24

11 Questionnaire 24

12 Procedure of collecting Data 24

.13 Data Analysis 25

3.1 Quantitative analysis 25

3.2 Qualitative analysis 25

14 Limitations to the Study 25

CHAPTER FOUR

.0 Presentation,Discussion and Analysis of Findings 27

.1 Introduction 27

.2 Sample Characteristics 27

.3 Mechanisms put in place 29

.1 Recruitment 29

.2 Human Security 30

.3 Command 30

.4 Representation and Budget 31

.5 Information Acquisition 33

.6 Training 34

.7 Discipline 34

.8 Living conditions 35

4 The roles played by the Military 35

vi

~5 The performance of military towards promotion of human security in Gulu.............,....,...... 38

1 Achievements of military in promotion of security in Gulu 38

.6 Failures of the Military 42

1 Persistent insecurity 42

.2 Recruitment of child soldiers 42

.3 Torture 43

.4 Extrajudicial execution and abuse of law 44

.7 Basic challenges facing military in conflict situations 44

.1 Institutional challenges 44

.2 External Challenges 47

CHAPTER FIVE

.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations 49

.1 Introduction 49

.2 Security 49

.3 Law and Order Error! Bookmark not defined.

.4 Local Administration Error! Bookmark not defined.

.5 Customs and Beliefs Error! Bookmark not defined.

.6 Humanitarian Aid Error! Bookmark not defined.

.7 Fluman Rights Error! Bookmark not defined.

.8 Development Error! Bookmark not defined.

.9 Corruption Error! Bookmark not defined.

10 Civil military Relations Error! Bookmark not defined.

11 Conclusion 50

12 Recommendations 51

13 Areas for further research 54

ibliography Error! Bookmark not defined.

vii

LIST OF TABLES

ble 1: Level of Employment

ble 2: Level of Education

ble 3: Age Group of the Respondents

ble 4: Gender of the Respondents

ble5: The Budget Allocation for the Financial Year 2000/200 1

ble 6: The Level of Security

ble 7: The Number of Children Rescued per Year

ble 8: The Level of Corruption

ble 9: The Availability of Resources

ble 10: The Availability of Human Resources