Table of Contents
APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................................................................................IV
DEDICATION.............................................................................................................................. V
LIST OF FIGURES..................................................................................................................... X
LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................................... X
CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2.0 Problem Statement.......................................................................................................... 3
1.3.0 Objectives of the Study................................................................................................... 4
1.4.0 Research Questions......................................................................................................... 4
1.5.0 Study Justification .......................................................................................................... 4
1.6.0 Scope of the study........................................................................................................... 5
1.7.0 Conceptual frame work .................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................... 7
LITERETURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 7
2.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Attendance of ANC ........................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Services utilized during ANC............................................................................................ 8
2.4 Factors for early ANC Utilization ................................................................................... 11
2.5Factors associated with inadequate ANC utilization........................................................ 11
CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................... 14
METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................... 14
3.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 14
3. 1 Study Design................................................................................................................... 14
3.2 Study Setting.................................................................................................................... 14
3.3 Study Population.............................................................................................................. 14
3.4 Sample Size Determination ............................................................................................. 14
3.5 Sampling Procedure......................................................................................................... 15
3.6.0 Selection criteria ........................................................................................................... 15
3.6.1 Inclusion Criteria .......................................................................................................... 15
3.6.2 Exclusion Criteria......................................................................................................... 15
3.7 Definition of Variables.................................................................................................... 15
ix
3.8 Research Instruments....................................................................................................... 15
3.9 Data Collection Procedures............................................................................................. 15
3.1.1 Ethical Considerations.................................................................................................. 16
3.12 Limitations for the study................................................................................................ 16
3.1.3 Plans for data dissemination......................................................................................... 16
CHAPTER FOUR....................................................................................................................... 17
RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 17
4.0 INTRODUCTION:.................................................................................................................... 17
4.1.1 Social Demographic characteristics of respondents. .................................................... 17
4.1.2 ANC care service Utilization........................................................................................ 19
4.1.4 Association between Obstetric factors and Utilization of ANC Services. ................... 19
4.1.5 Association between Distance to the Health Facility and ANC Utilization................. 20
4.1.6 Reasons for early ANC Attendance.............................................................................. 20
4.1.7 Reasons for late ANC Attendance................................................................................ 21
4.1.9 Factors that influence Women’s access to ANC Services............................................ 23
4.2.1 Association between the Services and their Utilization at the Health Facility............. 23
4.2.2 Tabulation between age of the mother with First ANC Visit....................................... 24
4.2.3 Association between marital status and ANC Utilization. ........................................... 25
4.2.5 Association between educational levels with ANC utilization. ................................... 26
4.2.5 Association between unplanned pregnancy and ANC utilization. ............................... 26
CHAPTER FIVE ........................................................................................................................ 27
DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................................... 27
5.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 27
5.1 Attendances and timing of ANC services........................................................................ 27
5.2 Factors for late ANC service utilization.......................................................................... 29
5.3. Factors for early attendance of ANC Services. .............................................................. 31
CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 33
RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................ 34
Common ANC practice Utilization. ...................................................................................... 34
Early ANC Attendance.......................................................................................................... 34
Late ANC Attendance. .......................................................................................................... 35
APPENDIX 1: DATA COLLECTION TOOL....................................................................................... 40
APPENDIX: II WORK PLAN.................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
APPENDIX IV: MAP OF BUSHENYI SHOWING KYABUGIMBI SUB- COUNTY.................................. 44
APPENDIX IV: MAP OF UGANDA ....................................................................................... 45
ABSTRACT
Introduction; According to WHO antenatal care is care received during pregnancy from skilled health personal’s such as the goal oriented model recommended by the WHO which includes 4 to 5 visits for pregnant women who are not having medical problems. Antenatal care utilization is 65% in developing countries which is low as compared to the developed countries at 97%(WHO, 2007). Objective; to assess the level of utilization of antenatal care services by women of reproductive age at Kyabugimbi Health Center IV, Bushenyi district. Methodology; A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Kyabugimbi Health Center Four from January to April in Bushenyi districted and 100 respondents were used, data was presented in form of graphs, pie-charts and tables. Results; Findings showed that of the 100 respondents 92% had utilized ANC services and 8% had not utilized any ANC service. Results further showed that there was an association between obstetric factors and utilization of ANC with 54.5% of those with gravidity >4 having utilized ANC late and 78.6% of those with gravidity 1-2 utilized ANC early, further there was an association between distance and utilization of ANC with those in a range of 0-5km having 75% utilizing ANC early and 5% of those in a range >10km utilized ANC late. Results also showed that 24% of those who came early from thought it was the right time and 17(18.3%) of those who came late had gotten problems with their pregnancy as also the highest reason for late attendance was financial difficulties with 32(34.7%). Furthermore results indicated that there was an association between services and utilization of which 91% of the most utilized was HIV and the lowest was TT with 62%. Finally there was an association between the level of education and ANC attendance of which 6(67%) of those with tertiary education attended ANC early as compared to the 2(77%) of those who attended late because of being illiterate. Conclusion; From the study the major reason for late ANC utilization was financial difficulties and distance to the health facility which highly made the utilization of ANC services inadequate. Recommendation; The study recommends women empowerment through support groups so as to enhance on their income levels so as to solve their financial constraints to enable early decision making on issues concerned with their pregnancies so as avoiding male over dependence. CHA
KYAKUWA, L (2022). Utilization of Antenatal Care Services by Women of Reproductive Age at Kyabugimbi Health Center Iv, Bushenyi District. Afribary. Retrieved from https://afribary.com/works/utilization-of-antenatal-care-services-by-women-of-reproductive-age-at-kyabugimbi-health-center-iv-bushenyi-district
KYAKUWA, LUYIGA "Utilization of Antenatal Care Services by Women of Reproductive Age at Kyabugimbi Health Center Iv, Bushenyi District" Afribary. Afribary, 18 Jul. 2022, https://afribary.com/works/utilization-of-antenatal-care-services-by-women-of-reproductive-age-at-kyabugimbi-health-center-iv-bushenyi-district. Accessed 29 Apr. 2024.
KYAKUWA, LUYIGA . "Utilization of Antenatal Care Services by Women of Reproductive Age at Kyabugimbi Health Center Iv, Bushenyi District". Afribary, Afribary, 18 Jul. 2022. Web. 29 Apr. 2024. < https://afribary.com/works/utilization-of-antenatal-care-services-by-women-of-reproductive-age-at-kyabugimbi-health-center-iv-bushenyi-district >.
KYAKUWA, LUYIGA . "Utilization of Antenatal Care Services by Women of Reproductive Age at Kyabugimbi Health Center Iv, Bushenyi District" Afribary (2022). Accessed April 29, 2024. https://afribary.com/works/utilization-of-antenatal-care-services-by-women-of-reproductive-age-at-kyabugimbi-health-center-iv-bushenyi-district