Appropriate technologies, those able to be easily and economically constructed from readily available materials by local craftspeople, have a central role in the alleviation of poverty in the developing world. Research and development of these technologies are, however, generally apportioned relatively modest support by the developed world’s institutions in part because the operation of many of these appropriate technologies is dependent on relatively well-understood science accessible even...
Abstract: This study was conducted following the research conducted by Kasoga (2014) in Tanzania which proved empirically that the joint liability lending model first used in Bangladesh was not replicable in other ethnic groups in Tanzania, which were Chaga from Kilimanjaro Region, the Zaramo from Coast Region, the Kinga from Njombe Region and the Gogo from Dodoma. She found that the joint borrowers perceived joint liability lending model as inappropriate lending model because of high percei...
Abstract Pressures on protected areas (PAs) in Tanzania are increasing through the extractive use by surrounding communities. Understanding how environmental reliance varies in relation to distance from PAs and in relation to household’s socio-economic characteristics is important for PAs management and decision of poverty alleviation strategies. This study therefore aimed to quantifying the reliance on cash environmental income as a share in total household income over a gradient of dist...
Culture is an important factor that influences acceptance of microfinance institutions lending models. Many scholars have applied Hofstede’s cultural model to understand how values affect people’s behaviors or decisions. However, researchers had overlooked applying Hofstede’s cultural model on microfinance institutions lending models. This study integrates Hofstede’s cultural model with borrowing decisions incurring joint vs. individual liability. To address these challenges, a study ...
Abstract: Agriculture remains the mainstay of the Nigerian economy, because it does not only contribute to the largest share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), it is the largest employer of labour and a key contributor to wealth creation and poverty alleviation, as large percentage of the population derive their income from agriculture and related activities . Agricultural sector is the backbone of many economies in Africa, but most African countries are yet to devote their efforts to the diss...
ABSTRACT An assessment of farm transportation system to ascertain the availability of transportation for the evacuation of farm produce was undertaken in Osun and Oyo states of Nigeria employing printed questionnaires and personal communication as means of information collection. 20% of the farmers reside at between one and three km from their farms while for the remaining 80%, it ranges from four to 16 km. 17.6% of the farmers travel between one and three km to sell their produce while for t...
ABSTRACT Community participation (CP) is emphasized in the planning and implementation of various projects and sectors. The Renewable energy (RE) sector just like other sector requires community participation for its effectiveness and efficiency. This review aims at exploring the community participation in the renewable sector in Tanzania. A seven-step model was used to review various kinds of literature and five identified themes were analyzed: (i) access to information on RE resources; (ii...
In the violent and shameless turnout, millions of Nigerians have been denied their right to choose their political leaders. The struggle for democratic offices by politicians is often violently manipulated on the street by a gang of thugs, recruited by same politicians, trained and to help them capture power. Political violence has been a bone of contention from the inception of Nigeria as a Nation-State. The impact of political violence cannot be over emphasized as its effects have grossly a...
Abstract: Smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face multifaceted and co-existing risks, such as human and animal diseases and pests. Even though smallholder farmers often experience these challenges simultaneously, interventions to address these challenges are often implemented in a piecemeal fashion. However, managing agricultural production constraints without alleviating human and livestock health burdens might not generate significant and sustained benefits to achieve the desi...
ABSTRACT A job creation strategy to provide 10,000 jobs in two years has been developed by the ministry in collaboration with the commonwealth. The recent declaration by the national Bureau of Statistics that almost 100 million Nigerians live on less than $1 per day succinctly describes the enormity of the fundamental flows in all the strategies deployed by successive governments in the country in tackling the issue of poverty alleviation and job creation. Furthermore, the youth empowerment a...
As important and indispensable as secretarial education is to national economic development and individuals in the area of employability, job creation, poverty alleviation and for self-reliance, its foundation from secondary schools is fast collapsing. The enrolment of students into secretarial education programme in Nigerian Secondary Schools is conspicuously very low, and this has negative corresponding effect on students’ enrolment into secretarial education programme in Nigerian Unive...
The phenomenon of poverty has always occupied the central discourse of many organised polities especially given its attendant consequences in a society where it is dominant. Scholars and practitioners have in various ways debated profusely on what causes poverty and its reduction process. While some hold the profound view that the causes of poverty are largely exogenous, others submit that the causes of poverty are endogenous. They largely ascribe poverty to government corruption with limited...
Abstract: Climate change continues to affect maize production, food security and livelihoods of smallholder farmers in most of the developing countries. Climate smart agriculture (CSA) practices can enhance agricultural production by alleviating adverse climate effects on maize productivity through improved soil moisture storage, water use efficiency, increased soil carbon (C) and nutrient supply with long-term resilience to climate change.
A major challenge in both research and policy debate is the understanding of how inequality is related to poverty. Although several studies have shown that inequality plays significant role in the rising poverty, the degree of poverty in any country or region is a function of the extent of inequality in the distribution of their income. In line with this, Dreze and Srinivasan (1996), Bradshaw (2006) opined that the plain meaning of poverty is relative deprivation which is inequality. Conve...
Poverty and household expenditure patterns are like the two sides of a coin, where poverty is a state of lacks and denial; household expenditure patterns are the mirrors of households’ welfare. This study investigated the effects of some household expenditure patterns on the odds ratio of poverty adopting logit model. Study showed that about 52.25 percent of Nigeria’s populations are poor. Expenditure patterns of the households were classified into socio-economic characteristics: poverty ...