Causes of Poor Academic Performance Among Pupils Within Selected Primary Schools in Tigania Central Division, Tigania East District, Kenya

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ................................................................................................................. ii

APPROVAL ...................................................................................................................... iii

DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... iv

AKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... vi

LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. ix

LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ x

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... xi

CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................. I

1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... I

1.1 Background to the study ............................................................................................ I

1.2 Statement of the problem .......................................................................................... !

1.3 Scope of the study ..................................................................................................... 2

1.4 General objective ....................................................................................................... 2

1.4.1 Specific objectives .................................................................................................. 2

1.4.2 Research questions ................................................................................................. 2

1.5 Signi llccmce of the study ........................................................................................... 3

CHAPTER TW0 ............................................................................................................. 4

LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................ 4

2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4

2.1 Teaching I Learning resources ................................................................................... 4

2.2 Teaching relationships and academic performance ................................................... 6

2.3 Teacher-Pupil ratio .................................................................................................... 7

2.4 Choice of school attended ....................................................................................... ! 0

CHAPTER THREE ....................................................................................................... 13

METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 13

3. I Introduction ............................................................................................................. 13

3.2 Research Design ...................................................................................................... 13

VI

3.3 The environment ...................................................................................................... 13

3.4 The subjects ............................................................................................................. l3

3.5 The research instruments ......................................................................................... l3

3.6 Data collection procedures ...................................................................................... 14

3. 7 Statistical treatment of data ..................................................................................... 14

3.8 Constraints and ethical considerations .................................................................... 15

CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................... 16

DATA ANALYSIS. PRESENTATION AND INTERPRATAT!ON .......................... 16

4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 16

4.2. Teachers bio-data ................................................................................................... 17

4.2.1 Age of Respondents .............................................................................................. 17

4.2. 2 Respondents' work experience ....................................................................... l7

4.3. Pupils bio-data ........................................................................................................ l8

4.3 .I Distribution by gender .......................................................................................... 18

4.3.2 Age of respondents ............................................................................................... 18

4.4 Teachers analysis ..................................................................................................... l9

Percentage % ................................................................................................................. 19

4.4.2 Summary of response on the factors that influence academic performance ........ 20

Respondents ................................................................................................................... 20

4.4.3 Summary measuring the effects of teacher- pupil ratio on academic performance

...................................................................................................................................... 20

Frequency ...................................................................................................................... 21

4.4.4 Factors influencing performance .......................................................................... 22

CHAPTER FIVE ........................................................................................................... 24

PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 24

5.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 24

5.1 Summary ................................................................................................................. 24

5.2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 25

5.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................... 27

5.4 Areas of further research ......................................................................................... 27